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Urologic Emergencies in Oncology Patients

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Oncologic Surgical Emergencies

Part of the book series: Hot Topics in Acute Care Surgery and Trauma ((HTACST))

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Abstract

In this chapter, we review common urologic emergencies in cancer patients. Urologic emergencies can involve any part of the genitourinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, penis, scrotum, testicles, or perineum. This chapter focuses on the urologic emergencies of ureteral obstruction and bladder outlet obstruction in the context of malignancy. Ureteral obstruction can occur secondary to direct tumor invasion, external compression by the tumor, or retroperitoneal fibrosis, with common causative cancers being prostate, bladder, and cervical cancers. Management of ureteral obstruction is complicated and can vary from patient to patient. Swift recognition and management of ureteral obstruction are necessary in order to preserve optimal renal function. Bladder outlet obstruction is most commonly associated with prostate cancer therapy but can be a result of other malignancies. It can manifest as lower urinary tract symptoms or be asymptomatic. It is not always a urologic emergency but may need urgent management if the obstruction is severe.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Denver Health Medical Center and University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA

    Lily Kong & Fernando J. Kim

Authors
  1. Lily Kong
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  2. Fernando J. Kim
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Emergency Surgery Dept., Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy

    Antonio Tarasconi

  2. Oncology Dept., Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy

    Simona Bui

  3. Digestive Surgery Dept, Ctr. Hosp. Univ. Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France

    Mircea Chirica

  4. Hepato-gastroenterology and Digestive oncology Dept., Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France

    Gaël Roth

  5. Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA

    Jeffry Nahmias

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© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

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Kong, L., Kim, F.J. (2023). Urologic Emergencies in Oncology Patients. In: Tarasconi, A., Bui, S., Chirica, M., Roth, G., Nahmias, J. (eds) Oncologic Surgical Emergencies. Hot Topics in Acute Care Surgery and Trauma. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36860-8_18

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36860-8_18

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-36859-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-36860-8

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