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Oncologic Surgical Emergencies

Part of the book series: Hot Topics in Acute Care Surgery and Trauma ((HTACST))

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Abstract

Approximately 30% of patients with colorectal cancer present in the emergent setting despite increased availability and utilization of screening tests. There are three common emergent presentation scenarios: obstruction, bleeding, and perforation. In most circumstances, CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis is the diagnostic test of choice, as obstruction, large masses, and distant metastatic disease can be evaluated. When feasible, management of these emergencies should address life-threatening acute disease, while still optimizing oncologic outcomes, and can include resection, diversion, stenting, or endoscopy depending on the clinical circumstances. In cases of advanced rectal cancer warranting palliative treatment, a multidisciplinary approach should be taken with shared decision-making, taking into consideration the patient’s priorities and anticipated life expectancy.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA

    Ga-ram Han & Justin T. Brady

  2. Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA

    Mohamad B. Sonbol

  3. Department of Surgery, The MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Vanessa P. Ho

Authors
  1. Ga-ram Han
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  2. Justin T. Brady
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  3. Mohamad B. Sonbol
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  4. Vanessa P. Ho
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vanessa P. Ho .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Emergency Surgery Dept., Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy

    Antonio Tarasconi

  2. Oncology Dept., Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy

    Simona Bui

  3. Digestive Surgery Dept, Ctr. Hosp. Univ. Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France

    Mircea Chirica

  4. Hepato-gastroenterology and Digestive oncology Dept., Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France

    Gaël Roth

  5. Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA

    Jeffry Nahmias

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The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

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All the authors contributed substantially to the literature review, analysis, and interpretation of data, drafting, and revising of the chapter.

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Han, Gr., Brady, J.T., Sonbol, M.B., Ho, V.P. (2023). Rectum. In: Tarasconi, A., Bui, S., Chirica, M., Roth, G., Nahmias, J. (eds) Oncologic Surgical Emergencies. Hot Topics in Acute Care Surgery and Trauma. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36860-8_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36860-8_11

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-36860-8

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