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Non-invasive Positive Airway Pressure and Non-invasive Ventilation in Acute Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema

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Non-invasive Mechanical Ventilation in Critical Care, Anesthesiology and Palliative Care

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Abstract

Significant respiratory failure is mainly observed in patients with Acute Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (ACPE) or cardiogenic shock. Ventilation support has played a central role in the treatment of selected patients with acute respiratory failure due to acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema. The application of positive intrathoracic pressure through an interface has shown to be useful in the treatment of moderate to severe respiratory failure. There are various modalities of ventilation support: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP), Non-Invasive Ventilation (NIV), and Hight Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC). These modalities have shown to be effective in ACPE, leading to a reduction of respiratory distress and an endotracheal intubation rate compared to conventional oxygen therapy. Appropriate equipment and experience are needed. Now, the growing role of these techniques in the acute care setting has led to the development of innovations to overcome problems related to gas leakage and dead space, improving the quality of the devices and optimizing ventilation modes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy

    Antonio Coviello & Ezio Spasari

  2. Anesthesia and Intensive Unit of Emergency Department, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Frattamaggiore, Italy

    Ludovica Golino

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  1. Antonio Coviello
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  2. Ludovica Golino
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  3. Ezio Spasari
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Neurosc, Reprod, Odontostomatol Sc, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy

    Giuseppe Servillo

  2. Neurosc, Reprod, Odontostomatol Sc, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy

    Maria Vargas

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Coviello, A., Golino, L., Spasari, E. (2023). Non-invasive Positive Airway Pressure and Non-invasive Ventilation in Acute Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema. In: Servillo, G., Vargas, M. (eds) Non-invasive Mechanical Ventilation in Critical Care, Anesthesiology and Palliative Care. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36510-2_8

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