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Shear Thickening Fluid/Cork Composites Against Blunt Impacts in Football Shin Guards Applications

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Shear Thickening Fluid

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Abstract

Rheinforce technology improves the mechanical properties of a resilient material by adding a complex fluid to it using a microfluidic pattern (and, for, load, uses, Campo-Deaño, Composite, dampening, external, Galindo-Rosales, layer, material, obtaining, Patent, process, thereof., WO2016051320A1). In 2015, this technology was tested in micro-agglomerated cork pads showing promising results (Galindo-Rosales et al. Materials & Design 82:326–334, 2015); however, its suitability to be used in commercial products was not yet assessed. In this chapter, four different Rheinforce cork composites were analyzed under blunt impact test conditions. The composites consisted of two cork layers (bottom 4 mm and top 1.2 mm in thickness), being the bottom one engraved with different microfluidic patterns (straight, splines, grid, and honeycomb) and filled with a single shear thickening fluid (concentrated suspension of fumed silica in polypropylene glycol). The results showed that the honeycomb microfluidic pattern is the one providing the largest energy dissipation, and its performance is also compared with the performance of three commercial shin guards qualified by the European Norm EN 1306 (Protective clothing — Shin guards for association football players — Requirements and test methods. EN 13061:2009EN 13061, 2009). The latter results allowed to confirm the excellence performance in terms of dissipation energy, exceeding the best results of the commercial shin guards with a considered reduction in thickness and without the presence of the hard shell.

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Abbreviations

dpi:

Dots per inch

EN:

European Norm

EPP:

Expanded polypropylene

EPS:

Expanded polystyrene

EVA:

Ethylene-vinyl acetate

FIFA:

Fédération Internationale de Football Association

NOCSAE:

National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment

PMMA:

Poly(methyl methacrylate)

PPE:

Personal protective equipment

PPG:

Polypropylene glycol

PVC:

Poly(vinyl chloride)

STF:

Shear thickening fluid

%v/v:

Percentage in volume

%w/w:

Percentage in weight

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Acknowledgments

The author would like to acknowledge the financial support from FEDER funds through COMPETE2020-Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) and FCT/MCTES LA/P/0045/2020 (ALiCE) and UIDP/00532/2020 (CEFT), funded by national funds through FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Transport Phenomena Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Francisco J. Galindo-Rosales

  2. ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Francisco J. Galindo-Rosales

Authors
  1. Francisco J. Galindo-Rosales
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Francisco J. Galindo-Rosales .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Türkiye

    Selim Gürgen

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Galindo-Rosales, F.J. (2023). Shear Thickening Fluid/Cork Composites Against Blunt Impacts in Football Shin Guards Applications. In: Gürgen, S. (eds) Shear Thickening Fluid. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35521-9_4

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