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Roles and Sources of Calcium in Synaptic Exocytosis

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Molecular Mechanisms of Neurotransmitter Release

Part of the book series: Advances in Neurobiology ((NEUROBIOL,volume 33))

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Abstract

Calcium ions (Ca2+) play a critical role in triggering neurotransmitter release. The rate of release is directly related to the concentration of Ca2+ at the presynaptic site, with a supralinear relationship. There are two main sources of Ca2+ that trigger synaptic vesicle fusion: influx through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in the plasma membrane and release from the endoplasmic reticulum via ryanodine receptors. This chapter will cover the sources of Ca2+ at the presynaptic nerve terminal, the relationship between neurotransmitter release rate and Ca2+ concentration, and the mechanisms that achieve the necessary Ca2+ concentrations for triggering synaptic exocytosis at the presynaptic site.

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Acknowledgment

This study was supported by the US National Institute of Health grants R01MN085927 (ZWW) and R01NS109388 (ZWW).

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  1. Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA

    Zhao-Wen Wang, Sadaf Riaz & Longgang Niu

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    Zhao-Wen Wang

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Wang, ZW., Riaz, S., Niu, L. (2023). Roles and Sources of Calcium in Synaptic Exocytosis. In: Wang, ZW. (eds) Molecular Mechanisms of Neurotransmitter Release. Advances in Neurobiology, vol 33. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34229-5_6

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