Skip to main content

Where Hope Flourishes: Teaching Refugee Children in Troubling Times

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Teaching Refugees and Displaced Students

Part of the book series: Springer Texts in Education ((SPTE))

  • 137 Accesses

Abstract

Human relocation is occurring at unprecedented levels worldwide. Educational organizations must address the needs of refugees and migrants and mitigate the concerns and prejudices of local communities, yet little is known about how teachers are addressing these challenges. Since its democracy in 1994, the influx of refugees into South Africa has increased rapidly. African refugees in South Africa have become the new other, and most likely occupy the lowest rungs of the new order, facing potential exclusion and marginalization. When people arrive in a new country, the pressure to adapt is foremost. For children, this means going to school. Given this context, teachers face significant challenges in managing the diversity introduced by the presence of refugee children in their classrooms. This chapter proposes a conceptual framework integrating humanizing pedagogy, love as a critical act of resistance, and hope and resilience to address core challenges encountered by teachers in the country. Implications for teaching refugee children are also recommended.

As individuals or as peoples, by fighting for the restoration of [our] humanity [we]

will be attempting the restoration of true generosity. And this fight, because of the

purpose given it, will actually constitute an act of love. (Paulo Freire, 1970 )

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 89.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Appadurai, A. (1990). Disjuncture and difference in the global cultural economy. Public Culture, 2(2), 1–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Appadurai, A. (1996). Modernity at large: Cultural dimensions of globalization. University of Minnesota Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bartolomé, L. (1994). Beyond the methods fetish: Toward a humanizing pedagogy. Harvard Educational Review, 64(2), 173–195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bill of Rights. Department of Justice and Constitutional Development, ‘Constitution: Chapter 2: Bill of Rights’, [Online]. Available at http://www.justice.gov.za/legislation/constitution/bill-ofrights.html. Accessed 1 May 2022

  • Carolissen, R., Leibowitz, B., Swartz, L., Bozalek, V., Nicholls, L., & Rohleder, P. (2011). Bell Hooks and the enactment of emotion in teaching and learning across boundaries: A pedagogy of hope? South African Journal of Higher Education, 25(1), 157–167.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cerna, L. (2019). Refugee education: Integration models and practices in OECD countries. OECD Working paper No. 203.

    Google Scholar 

  • Constitution of South Africa. Act no. 108. Pretoria.

    Google Scholar 

  • Darder, A. (2017). Reinventing Paulo Freire a pedagogy of love. Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Fataar, A. (2016). Towards a humanising pedagogy through an engagement with the social-subjective in educational theorising in South Africa. Educational Research for Social Change, 5(1), 10–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Florian, L., & Linklater, H. (2010). Preparing teachers for inclusive education: Using inclusive pedagogy to enhance teaching and learning for all. Cambridge Journal of Education, 40(4), 369–386.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Franquiz, M. E., & del Carmen Salazar, M. (2004). The transformative potential of humanizing pedagogy: Addressing the diverse needs of Chicano/Mexicano students. The High School Journal, 87(4), 36–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, N., & Honneth, A. (2003). Introduction: Redistribution or recognition? In: Fraser, N., & Honneth, A. (Eds.), Redistribution or Recognition? Verso.

    Google Scholar 

  • Freire, P. (1970). Pedagogy of the oppressed. Seabury Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Freire, P. (1993). Pedagogy of the oppressed. Continuum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Freire, P. (1994). Pedagogy of hope: Reliving pedagogy of the oppressed. Bloomsbury.

    Google Scholar 

  • Freire, P. (2003). P. Freire. Bulletin of Educational Research, 49(3), 1–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Freire, P., & Macedo, D. (2005). Literacy: Reading the word and the world. Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harju, A. (2018). Children practising politics through spatial narratives. Children’s Geographies, 16(2), 196–207.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • hooks, b. (2003). Teaching community: A pedagogy of hope. Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaukko, M., Wilkinson, J., & Kohli, R. K. (2022). Pedagogical love in Finland and Australia: A study of refugee children and their teachers. Pedagogy, Culture & Society, 30(5), 731–747. https://doi.org/10.1080/14681366.2020.1868555

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karkouti, I. M., Wolsey, T. D., & Toprak, M. (2019). Restoring hope for Syrian refugees: Social support students need to excel at school. International Migration, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/imig.12642

  • Kohli, R. K. (2011). Working to ensure safety, belonging and success for unaccompanied Asylum-seeking children. Child Abuse Review, 20(5), 311–323.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Masten, A. S., Powell, J. L., & Luthar, S. S. (2003). A resilience framework for research, policy, and practice. Resilience and Vulnerability: Adaptation in the Context of Childhood Adversities, 1(25), 153.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mezirow, J. (2003). Transformative learning as discourse. Journal of Transformative Education, 1(1), 58–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Montero, M. K. (2019). Humanizing literacy instruction for refugee newcomers: Implications of teacher education. In: Mueller, J., & Nickel, J. (Eds). Globalization and diversity: What does it mean for teacher education in Canada (pp. 316–353). Canadian Association of Teacher Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paris, D., & Alim, H. S. (2017). What is culturally sustaining pedagogy and why does it matter? In: D. Paris and H. S. Alim (Eds.), Culturally sustaining pedagogies: Teaching and learning for justice in a changing world. Teachers College Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pieloch, K. A., McCullough, M. B., & Marks, A. K. (2016). Resilience of children with refugee statuses: A research review. Canadian Psychology/psychologie Canadienne, 57(4), 330–339.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Radina, R. (2013). Student protest: Blind ignorance or empowering curriculum? In T. S. Poetter (Ed.), Curriculum windows: What curriculum theorists of the 1960s can teach us about schools and society (pp. 165–180). Information Age Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Refugee Act no 130 of 1998. Government Gazette. Pretoria.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reyes, G., Radina, R., & Aronson, B. (2018). Teaching against the grain as an act of love: Disrupting White Eurocentric masculinist frameworks within teacher education. Urban Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11256-018-0474-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salazar del Carmen, M., & Fránquiz, M. E. (2008). The transformation of Ms. Corazón: Creating humanizing spaces for Mexican immigrant students in secondary ESL classrooms. Multicultural Perspectives, 10(4), 185–191.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sidhu, R. K., & Taylor, S. (2009). The trials and tribulations of partnerships in refugee settlement services in Australia. Journal of Education Policy, 24(6), 655–672.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Skrbiš, Z. (2008). Transnational families: Theorising migration, emotions and belonging. Journal of Intercultural Studies, 29(3), 231–246.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sleijpen, M., Mooren, T., Kleber, R. J., & Boeije, H. R. (2017). Lives on hold: A qualitative study of young refugees’ resilience strategies. Childhood, 24(3), 348–365.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ungar, M. (2008). Resilience across cultures. British Journal of Social Work, 38, 218–235. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcl343

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • UNHCR (The UN Refugee Academy). (2022). https://unhcr.org/refugee-statistics/

  • Webb, D. (2013). Pedagogies of hope. Studies in Philosophy and Education, 32(4), 397–414.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zembylas, M. (2012). Transnationalism, migration and emotions: Implications for education. Globalisation, Societies and Education, 10(2), 163–179.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zinn, D., & Rogers, C. (2012). A humanizing pedagogy: Getting beneath the rhetoric. Perspectives in Education, 30(4), 76–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zinn, D., Adam, K., Kurup, R., & du Plessis, A. (2016). Returning to the source: Reflexivity and transformation in understanding a humanising pedagogy. Educational Research for Social Change, 5(1), 70–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

I am grateful to the National Research Foundation for funding for the project “Social change, justice and peace education” (project number 118546).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Leila Kajee .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Kajee, L. (2023). Where Hope Flourishes: Teaching Refugee Children in Troubling Times. In: Wolsey, T.D., Karkouti, I.M. (eds) Teaching Refugees and Displaced Students. Springer Texts in Education. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33834-2_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33834-2_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-33833-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-33834-2

  • eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics