Skip to main content

Monitoring Upper Airway Disorders and Noninvasive Ventilation Approach Pulse Oximetry and Capnography

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Upper Airway Disorders and Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation
  • 225 Accesses

Abstract

The monitoring of non invasive mechanical ventilation include the clinical context of the patient, comfort, tolerance of the interface, respiratory rate, up to capnography, pulse oximeter and arterial blood gas, will guide the medical treatment being established from the beginning of the therapy, until its withdrawal. The objective is to monitor the dead space, including the identification of disconnections, hypoventilation, obstruction of the airways, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation, among others. Pulse oximetry is a commonly used noninvasive technique for monitoring blood oxygen saturation, the gold standard for clinical monitoring.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Georges M, Rabec C, Monin E, Aho S, Beltramo G, Janssens J-P, et al. Monitoring of noninvasive ventilation: comparative analysis of different strategies. Respir Res. 2020;21(1):324. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-020-01586-8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  2. Borsini E, Ernst G, Blanco M, Blasco M, Bosio M, Salvado A, et al. Respiratory polygraphy monitoring of intensive care patients receiving non-invasive ventilation. Sleep Sci. 2017;10(1):35–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.slsci.2016.12.006.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  3. Ergan B, Nasiłowski J, Winck JC. How should we monitor patients with acute respiratory failure treated with noninvasive ventilation? Eur Respir Rev. 2018;27(148):170101. https://doi.org/10.1183/16000617.0101-2017.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Schmidt GA. Monitoring gas exchange. Respir Care. 2020;65(6):729–38. https://doi.org/10.4187/respcare.07408.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Siobal MS. Monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide. Respir Care. 2016;61(10):1397–416. https://doi.org/10.4187/respcare.04919.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Clifton D, Douglas JG, Addison PS, Watson JN. Measurement of respiratory rate from the photoplethysmogram in chest clinic patients. J Clin Monit Comput. 2007;21(1):55–61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10877-006-9059-3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Tusman G, Bohm SH, Suarez-Sipmann F. Advanced uses of pulse oximetry for monitoring mechanically ventilated patients. Anesth Analg. 2017;124(1):62–71. https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000001283.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Pretto JJ, Roebuck T, Beckert L, Hamilton G. Clinical use of pulse oximetry: official guidelines from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand: TSANZ guidelines for pulse oximetry. Theatr Res Int. 2014;19(1):38–46. https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.12204.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Smallwood CD, Walsh BK. Noninvasive monitoring of oxygen and ventilation. Respir Care. 2017;62(6):751–64. https://doi.org/10.4187/respcare.05243.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Szmuk P, Steiner JW, Olomu PN, Ploski RP, Sessler DI, Ezri T. Oxygen reserve index: a novel noninvasive measure of oxygen reserve-a pilot study. Anesthesiology. 2016;124(4):779–84. https://doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000001009.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Contal O, Carnevale C, Borel JC, Sabil A, Tamisier R, Lévy P, et al. Pulse transit time as a measure of respiratory effort under noninvasive ventilation. Eur Respir J. 2013;41(2):346–53. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00193911.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Hartert TV, Wheeler AP, Sheller JR. Use of pulse oximetry to recognize severity of airflow obstruction in obstructive airway disease: correlation with pulsus paradoxus. Chest. 1999;115(2):475–81. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.115.2.475.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Scott JB, Kaur R. Monitoring breathing frequency, pattern, and effort. Respir Care. 2020;65(6):793–806. https://doi.org/10.4187/respcare.07439.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Kreit JW. Volume capnography in the intensive care unit: physiological principles, measurements, and calculations. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2019;16(3):291–300. https://doi.org/10.1513/AnnalsATS.201807-501CME.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Manifold CA, Davids N, Villers LC, Wampler DA. Capnography for the nonintubated patient in the emergency setting. J Emerg Med. 2013;45(4):626–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2013.05.012.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Suarez-Sipmann F, Bohm SH, Tusman G. Volumetric capnography: the time has come. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2014;20(3):333–9. https://doi.org/10.1097/mcc.0000000000000095.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Huttmann SE, Windisch W, Storre JH. Techniques for the measurement and monitoring of carbon dioxide in the blood. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2014;11(4):645–52. https://doi.org/10.1513/AnnalsATS.201311-387FR.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Chhajed PN, Gehrer S, Pandey KV, Vaidya PJ, Leuppi JD, Tamm M, et al. Utility of transcutaneous capnography for optimization of non-invasive ventilation pressures. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016;10(9):OC06–9. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2016/19911.8514.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  19. Baba Y, Takatori F, Inoue M, Matsubara I. A novel mainstream capnometer system for non-invasive positive pressure ventilation. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2020;2020:4446–9. https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC44109.2020.9175950.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Kasuya Y, Akça O, Sessler DI, Ozaki M, Komatsu R. Accuracy of postoperative end-tidal Pco2 measurements with mainstream and sidestream capnography in non-obese patients and in obese patients with and without obstructive sleep apnea. Anesthesiology. 2009;111(3):609–15. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181b060b6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Aoyagi T, Kabumoto K, Takatori F, Inoue M. A novel nasal cannula type mainstream capnometer system capable of oxygen administration. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2020;2020:4450–3. https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC44109.2020.9176713.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

I appreciate the collaboration of the internal medicine Rodrigo del Angel Galvez MD in reviewing this work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Caramon, J.L. (2023). Monitoring Upper Airway Disorders and Noninvasive Ventilation Approach Pulse Oximetry and Capnography. In: Esquinas, A.M., De Vito, A., Barbetakis, N. (eds) Upper Airway Disorders and Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32487-1_39

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32487-1_39

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-32486-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-32487-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics