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Noninvasive Ventilatory Approaches in Neonatology

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Upper Airway Disorders and Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation

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Abstract

Neonatal upper airway anatomy and respiratory physiology puts newborns in a higher risk for upper airflow obstruction and respiratory failure. Newborns may present with a wide spectrum of upper airway disorders that may be congenital or acquired. Nasal obstruction such as choanal atresia; oropharyngeal obstruction due to macroglossia, micrognathia, and/or glossoptosis; or laryngeal obstruction such as laryngomalacia are the main disorders that can cause respiratory failure in the newborns. Noninvasive ventilatory approach should be viewed as a potential weapon in the management of these patients, since it can provide respiratory support during the first weeks to months of life as an alternative to more invasive approach or as a bridge to surgical interventions. In many cases, noninvasive ventilation (NIV) allows for a shorter length of hospital stay, less complications, and better quality of care for newborns.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Ana Freitas

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  1. Ana Freitas
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Intensive Care Unit, Hospital General Universitario Morales M, Murcia, Murcia, Spain

    Antonio M. Esquinas

  2. ENT, Ravenna Hospital, AUSL of Romagna Italy, Ravenna, Italy

    Andrea De Vito

  3. Thoracic Surgery, Theageneio General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Nikolaos Barbetakis

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Freitas, A. (2023). Noninvasive Ventilatory Approaches in Neonatology. In: Esquinas, A.M., De Vito, A., Barbetakis, N. (eds) Upper Airway Disorders and Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32487-1_32

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32487-1_32

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