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Neuroimaging Findings in FASD Across the Lifespan

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Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

Abstract

The following review explores brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) literature in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). A literature search was conducted utilizing PubMed and PsycINFO. Search terms included: “fetal alcohol spectrum disorders,” “prenatal alcohol exposure,” “FAS,” “FASD,” “PAE,” “neuroimaging,” “MRI,” “fMRI,” “DTI,” “MRS,” “infant,” “child,” “adolescent,” and “adult.” This resulted in 85 articles, with the majority published in the United States and South Africa. Individuals with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) demonstrated reductions in the volume of the total brain, corpus callosum, cerebellum, basal ganglia, and hippocampus. Major central and association white matter tracts also showed teratogenic effects. Abnormal functional connectivity is present throughout various regions, aligning with underlying structural abnormalities. Taken together, these alterations may support an understanding of the behavioral changes seen in individuals with FASD and PAE. Future research should focus on infant and early childhood, as well as middle age and older adults.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mt. Hope Family Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA

    Madeline N. Rockhold, Carson Kautz-Turnbull & Christie L. M. Petrenko

  2. Division of Developmental Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa

    Kirsten A. Donald

  3. Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

    Kirsten A. Donald

Authors
  1. Madeline N. Rockhold
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  2. Kirsten A. Donald
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  3. Carson Kautz-Turnbull
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  4. Christie L. M. Petrenko
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Correspondence to Christie L. M. Petrenko .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA

    Omar A. Abdul-Rahman

  2. Mt. Hope Family Center, Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA

    Christie L. M. Petrenko

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Rockhold, M.N., Donald, K.A., Kautz-Turnbull, C., Petrenko, C.L.M. (2023). Neuroimaging Findings in FASD Across the Lifespan. In: Abdul-Rahman, O.A., Petrenko, C.L.M. (eds) Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32386-7_10

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