Abstract
This chapter probes the interface between illustration and adaptation via literary murals with a view to assessing the transmediality of both the illustrative and adaptive processes which such murals imply. It does so by providing a case study focusing on the Gulliverian murals in Dublin, Zagreb, Chicago, and Brooklyn. Altogether, these murals testify to the extensive and lasting reach of Swift’s literary classic, as well as to its capacity to elicit multifarious responses. Individually, they constitute samples of artistic creation whose aesthetic dimension is very often accompanied by a social and/or political agenda which naturally varies from place to place and from artist to artist. Literature-inspired street murals are indeed pieces of public art which express individual as well as collective responses to literary texts, whose creation usually implies commissions by city councils and work by the community, and which spark varied public reactions—not so much to the source texts they illustrate, but rather to these texts’ interpretations by street artists and the messages these artists try to convey through their murals in specific places and times. They are therefore illustrations/adaptations with a political scheme and a social impact, and re-appropriations of literary texts, characters, or motifs which are time-, place- and community-based rather than purely aesthetically minded and totally literature-dependent.
Swift (168)
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Notes
- 1.
See Goalwin on the agendas of Northern Ireland murals, and Arreola on those of Mexican murals.
- 2.
As defined by Bolter and Grusin, and further explored by Elleström and Rajewsky.
- 3.
As explored by Sanders and Young.
- 4.
E-mail exchange with the artist, 25 February 2021.
- 5.
See the title of the article by Motchan, “Gulliver, Not in Lilliput, But in the Heart of Pilsen.”
- 6.
See also Arreola: “in Mexican American districts of many cities […] mural art is not only an artifact that embellishes the barrio landscape but also a vehicle for political and social expression” (409). Goldman highlights “the active role of [mural] painting in the formation of Mexican consciousness and awareness since the 1920s” (124).
- 7.
See Goalwin, who analyses Northern Ireland’s political murals as “a striking medium used by political activists on both sides of the Troubles to express their ideological messages and further their political goals” (189). See also mural specialists Bill Rolston, Neil Jarman, and Jeffrey Sluka, all quoted in Goalwin.
- 8.
Referring to Rolston’s expertise on political murals in Northern Ireland, Goalwin remarks that “[t]hough a significant number of murals remain extant, and indeed have even been turned into popular tourist attractions, many have disappeared, and recent efforts have been made by the Northern Irish government to remove the remaining murals as anachronistic reminders of a conflict both sides now wish to move past (Rolston, 2010)” (194). Anachronism is another interesting aspect of murals as adaptations, though one that applies less to literary murals than to political ones.
- 9.
See for instance https://ebookfriendly.com/books-libraries-in-street-art/ (page accessed 30 January 2021).
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Collé, N. (2024). “[T]o Mix Colours for Painters” and Illustrate and Adapt Gulliver’s Travels Worldwide: Street Murals, Adaptability and Transmediality. In: Wells-Lassagne, S., Aymes, S. (eds) Adaptation and Illustration. Palgrave Studies in Adaptation and Visual Culture. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32134-4_3
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