Abstract
Urban forestry is one of the crucial concerns of cities as urbanization creates and consistently increases the gap between man and nature. The concerns have been studied here with reference to Kolkata, the largest city of eastern India. Since the 1970s, several key environmental issues have sought the attention of policymakers at the national and international levels. One such major environmental issue is urban forestry. The urban environment is now facing severe environmental imbalances on account of modern human activities that constitute clear threats to the prospects of both present and future generations. Urban forestry has numerous sustainable functions and services. This chapter addresses the debates on urban environmental issues and trends of urban forestry in Kolkata Municipal Corporation (KMC). The study also focuses on spatial variation of green cover in KMC and highlights on the enhancement of biodiversity of KMC.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Calcutta Municipal Corporation. (1951). Corporation of Calcutta year book. Corporation Press.
Calcutta Municipal Corporation. (1961). Corporation of Calcutta year book. Corporation Press.
Calcutta Municipal Corporation. (1971). Corporation of Calcutta year book. Corporation Press.
Calcutta Municipal Corporation. (1981). Corporation of Calcutta year book. Corporation Press.
Calcutta Municipal Corporation. (1991). Corporation of Calcutta year book. Corporation Press.
Deb, S. B. (2009). Global warming and the role of forests in mitigating it, West Bengal.
District census handbook, Kolkata (2001).
District census handbook, Kolkata (2011).
Dwyer, J. F., Mcpherson, E. G., Schroeder, H. W., & Rowntree, R. A. (1992). Assessing the benefits and costs of the urban forest. Journal of Arboriculture, 18, 227–234.
ENDEV. (2001). Reports on status of Calcutta’s parks and gardens with an integrated management plan. Society for Environment and Development, Jodhpur Park, Kolkata, p. 7.
Ghosh, A. K. (1991a). Calcutta’s urban growth and built form. In B. Dasgupta et al. (Eds.), Calcutta urban future, agonies from the past and prospect for the future (pp. 140–142). Govt. of West Bengal.
Ghosh, A. K. (1991b). Ecology and environment of Calcutta. In B. Dasgupta et al. (Eds.), Calcutta’s urban future, agonies from the past and prospect for the future (pp. 60–83). Govt. of West Bengal.
Govt. of India. (2001). DPMS, NATMO. DST, Kolkata.
Govt. of India. (2011). Resourcesat 1 and Ortho: LISS III, IRS Series, NRSC Data Centre, ISRO, Hyderabad.
Gregory, E. M., & Simpson, J. R. (2003). A comparison of municipal forest benefits and costs in Modesto and Santa Monica, California, USA. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 1(2), 61.
Gul, A., & Serin, N. (2004). Urban forestry modeling proposal for a management plan in first National Urban Forestry Congress, Turkey.
Harris, R. E., Clark, J. R., & Matheny, N. P. (2004). Arboriculture: Integrated management of landscape trees, shrubs, vines (4th ed.). Prentice Hall.
Harvey, J. (2002). Urban land economics (pp. 261–263). Palgrave.
Helms, J. A. (1998). The dictionary of forestry. The Society of American Foresters.
Houghton, G., & Hunter, C. (1994). Sustainable cities of London: Regional Studies Association.
Jorgensen, E. (1967). Urban forestry: Some problems and proposals. Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto.
Jorgensen, E. (1986). Urban forestry in the rearview mirror. Arboricultural Journal, 10, 177–190.
Miller, G. T. (1988). Living in the environment (6th ed.). Wadsworth.
Munshi, S. K. (1991). Calcutta: Land, land use and land market. In B. Dasgupta et al. (Eds.), Calcutta’s urban future: Agonies from the past and prospect for the future (pp. 48–58). Government of West Bengal.
Odum, E. P. (1971). Fundamentals of ecology. Saunders.
Schumacher, E. F. (1973). Small is beautiful: A study of economics as if people mattered. Blond & Briggs (1973–2010), Harper Collins.
United Nations. (1987). Our common future, report of the world commission on environment and development.
United Nations. (1992). Report of the United Nations, conference on environment and development, Rio de Janeiro, 3–14 June, 1992, 1–2.
United Nations. (2005). In larger freedom: Towards development, security and human rights for all. Report of the Secretary-General in General Assembly.
Acknowledgement
This study is a part of my doctoral thesis submitted at the University of Calcutta, India, under the supervision of Prof. Sumana Bandyopadhyay. I gratefully acknowledge her guidance and constant support along with valuable suggestions and comments.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Saha, L.N. (2023). Debates on Urban Environmental Issues and Trends of Urban Forestry in Kolkata Municipal Corporation: A Quantitative Approach. In: Sahu, A.S., Das Chatterjee, N. (eds) Environmental Management and Sustainability in India. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31399-8_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31399-8_15
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-31398-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-31399-8
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)