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Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure

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Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation

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Abstract

In acute decompensated heart failure, significant respiratory failure is commonly seen due to acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is the application of positive intrathoracic pressure through an interface that plays an essential role in managing patients with cardiogenic pulmonary edema and cardiogenic shock. Positive airway pressure (PAP) devices include continuous PAP (CPAP), bilevel PAP (BiPAP), and adaptive servo-ventilation (ASV). PAP devices can provide favorable physiologic benefits to improve oxygenation, pulmonary recruitment, and increased functional residual lung capacity. In addition, PAP devices can decrease right ventricular preload and afterload to improve pulmonary congestion and diminish left ventricular afterload, eventually stabilizing hemodynamics. In this way, NIPPV can reduce the rate of endotracheal intubation and thereby improve clinical outcomes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Health Sciences, San Antonio, TX, USA

    Yogamaya Mantha

  2. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Hematology, Oncology and Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Michinari Hieda

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  1. Yogamaya Mantha
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Correspondence to Michinari Hieda .

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    Antonio M. Esquinas

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Dr. Hieda was supported in part by Clinical Research Promotion Foundation. Dr. Hieda was also supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists Number 21K17603.

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Mantha, Y., Hieda, M. (2023). Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure. In: Esquinas, A.M. (eds) Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28963-7_36

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