Skip to main content

Malignant Melanoma Misdiagnosed as Diabetic Foot Ulcer

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Misdiagnosis Casebook in Clinical Medicine
  • 485 Accesses

Abstract

Malignant melanoma is the most invasive skin cancer that is often misdiagnosed because of its atypical presentations and the presence of other comorbidities. Most of the deaths caused by skin cancers are because of malignant melanoma. Malignant melanoma may present as an ulcer associated with several other conditions like vascular and diabetic foot ulcers. If the ulcer doesn’t fit the diagnostic criteria of malignant melanoma or has other associated symptoms, malignant melanoma can be misdiagnosed as other benign ulcers. It is curable if diagnosed early, and resection with adequate margins is done. However, if diagnosed late or misdiagnosed, it may delay the treatment and decrease the 5-year survival of the patient and metastasis. Diabetes is a common condition and, if it remains uncontrolled, may present as diabetic foot ulcers. A high index of suspicion is needed to avoid these pitfalls in the presence of other comorbidities.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Franke W, Neumann NJ, Ruzicka T, et al. Plantar malignant melanoma: a challenge for early recognition. Melanoma Res. 2000;10:571–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Lens MB, Dawes M. Global perspectives of contemporary epidemiological trends of cutaneous malignant melanoma. Br J Dermatol. 2004;150:179–85.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Huvos AG, Shah JP, Goldsmith HS. A clinicopathologic study of amelanotic melanoma. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1972;135:917.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Richard MA, Grob JJ, Avril MF, et al. Delays in diagnosis and melanoma prognosis (II): the role of doctors. Int J Cancer. 2000;89:280–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Metzger S, Ellwanger U, Stroebel W, et al. Extent and consequences of physician delay in the diagnosis of acral melanoma. Melanoma Res. 1998;8:181–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Fortin PT, Freiberg AA, Rees R, et al. Malignant melanoma of the foot and ankle. J Bone Joint Surg. 1995;77:1396–403.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Bristow IR, Acland K. Acral lentiginous melanoma of the foot and ankle: a case series and review of the literature. J Foot Ankle Res. 2008;1:11.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Balch CM, Gershenwald JE, Soong SJ, Thompson JF, Atkins MB, Byrd DR, et al. Final version of 2009 AJCC melanoma staging and classification. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27(36):6199–206.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Balch CM, Gershenwald JE, Soong SJ, Thompson JF. Update on the melanoma staging system: the importance of sentinel node staging and primary tumor mitotic rate. J Surg Oncol. 2011;104(4):379–85.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Gao W, Chen D, Ran X. Malignant melanoma misdiagnosed as diabetic foot ulcer: a case report. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017;96(29):e7541. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000007541.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Eggermont AM, Suciu S, Testori A, Kruit WH, Marsden J, Punt CJ, et al. Ulceration and stage are predictive of interferon efficacy in melanoma: results of the phase III adjuvant trials EORTC 18952 and EORTC 18991. Eur J Cancer. 2012;48(2):218–25.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Eggermont AM, Chiarion-Sileni V, Grob JJ, Dummer R, Wolchok JD, Schmidt H, et al. Adjuvant ipilimumab versus placebo after complete resection of high-risk stage III melanoma (EORTC 18071): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2015;16(5):522–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Hassan, J., Khan, S. (2023). Malignant Melanoma Misdiagnosed as Diabetic Foot Ulcer. In: Tohid, H., Baratta, L.G., Maibach, H. (eds) The Misdiagnosis Casebook in Clinical Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28296-6_58

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28296-6_58

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-28295-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-28296-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics