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Epigenetics in Development

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Molecular Medicine

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Abstract

In this chapter, we will present that early embryonic development is very vulnerable to environmental influences. Therefore, from all phases of our life, embryogenesis is the period, where epigenetics has the largest impact. Epigenetics directs the programing of PGCs, induced pluripotency as well as the function of adult stem cells in tissue homeostasis. These master examples demonstrate the impact of epigenetics on the organization of our body in health and disease. Epigenetic regulation is also critical for the normal development and functioning of our brain. Dynamic DNA and histone methylation as well as their demethylation at specific gene loci play a fundamental role in learning, memory formation and behavioral plasticity. Thus, the epigenome of neurons allows a molecular explanation for long-term memories.

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Additional Reading

  • Hekselman, I., & Yeger-Lotem, E. (2020). Mechanisms of tissue and cell-type specificity in heritable traits and diseases. Nature Reviews Genetics, 21, 137–150.

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  • Li, M., & Belmonte, J. C. (2017). Ground rules of the pluripotency gene regulatory network. Nature Reviews Genetics, 18, 180–191.

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  • Yadav, T., Quivy, J. P., & Almouzni, G. (2018). Chromatin plasticity: A versatile landscape that underlies cell fate and identity. Science, 361, 1332–1336.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland

    Carsten Carlberg

  2. Helios Clinic, Centre for Child and Adolescent Health, Krefeld, Germany

    Eunike Velleuer

  3. School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan

    Ferdinand Molnár

  4. Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Poland

    Carsten Carlberg

Authors
  1. Carsten Carlberg
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  2. Eunike Velleuer
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  3. Ferdinand Molnár
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Carsten Carlberg .

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© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

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Carlberg, C., Velleuer, E., Molnár, F. (2023). Epigenetics in Development. In: Molecular Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27133-5_11

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