Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Surgical Complications After Acute Myocardial Infarction: Ventricular Septal Defect and Free Wall Rupture

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Ischemic Heart Disease

  • 824 Accesses

Abstract

Ventricular septal rupture and free wall rupture are two of the most devastating mechanical complications of an acute myocardial infarction as both lead to hypoperfusion and cardiogenic shock. Prompt surgery is the only effective treatment but is encumbered by very high mortality rates that have not substantially changed in recent decades. Mortality due to postischemic ventricular septal defect and free wall rupture is strongly related to surgical timing and clinical presentation of the patient.

The advent of new systems of mechanical circulatory support has expanded opportunities to improve the main factors that affect mortality, namely, time management, either as bridge-to-surgery or recovery after surgery approaches, and for hemodynamic stabilization.

The role of a multidisciplinary decision-making (cardiac) team becomes predominant in such complex scenarios as the aim is to identify an optimal and tailored pathway for each patient, while taking into account available resources and skills of the professionals involved.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Abbreviations

AMI:

Acute myocardial infarction

CABG:

Coronary artery bypass grafting

CPB:

Cardiopulmonary bypass

ECMO:

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

FWR:

Free wall rupture

IABP:

Intra-aortic balloon pump

LAD:

Left anterior descending coronary artery

LV:

Left ventricle

LVEF:

Left ventricular ejection fraction

LVFWR:

Left ventricular free wall rupture

MCS:

Mechanical circulatory support

MI:

Myocardial Infarction

PCI:

Percutaneous coronary intervention

PTFE:

Polytetrafluoroethylene

PET:

Polyethylene terephthalate

RCA:

Right coronary artery

RV:

Right ventricle

STEMI:

ST-elevation myocardial infarction

ST:

Sutured repair

SLT:

Sutureless repair

VA-ECMO:

Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

VSD:

Ventricular septal defect

References

  1. Latham PM. Lectures on subjects connected with clinical medicine comparing diseases of the heart, vol. 2. London: Longmans, Brown, Green and Longmans; 1845. p. 168.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Brunn F. Zur Diagnostic der envorbenen Ruptur der Kammerscheidewand des Herzens. Wien Arch Finn. Med. 1923;6:533.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Cooley DA, Belmonte BA, Zeis LB, Schnur S. Surgical repair of ruptured interventricular septum following acute myocardial infarction. Surgery. 1957;41(6):930–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Kay JH. Discussion of paper by Iben et al. Ann Thorac Surg. 1969;8:252–62.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Dubost C. Discussion of paper by Iben AB et al. Ann Thorac Surg. 1969;8:252–62.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Kitamura S, Mendez A, Harold Kay JH. Ventricular septal defect following myocardial infarction. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1971;61(2):186–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5223(19)42246-0.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Filgueira JL, Battistessa SA, Estable H, Lorenzo A, Cassinelli M, Scola R. Delayed repair of an acquired posterior septal defect through a right atrial approach. Ann Thorac Surg. 1986;42(2):208–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4975(10)60521-8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. David TE, Feindel CM, Ropchan GV. Reconstruction of the left ventricle with autologous pericardium. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1987;94(5):710–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5223(19)36184-7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Ahmad FB, Anderson RN. The leading causes of death in the US for 2020. JAMA. 2021;325(18):1829–30. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.5469.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. GUSTO investigators. An international randomized trial comparing four thrombolytic strategies for acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1993;329(10):673–82. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199309023291001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Menon V, Webb JG, Hillis LD, Sleeper LA, Abboud R, Dzavik V, Slater JN, Forman R, Monrad ES, Talley JD, Hochman JS. Outcome and profile of ventricular septal rupture with cardiogenic shock after myocardial infarction: a report from the SHOCK Trial Registry. Should we emergently revascularize Occluded Coronaries in cardiogenic shocK? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;36(3):1110–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(00)00878-0.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Hamilton MCK, Rodrigues JCL, Martin RP, Manghat NE, Turner MS. The in vivo morphology of post-infarct ventricular septal defect and the implications for closure. JACC Cardiovasc Intv. 2017;10(12):1233–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcin.2017.03.042.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Lewis AJ, Burchell HB, Titus JL. Clinical and pathologic features of postinfarction cardiac rupture. Am J Cardiol. 1969;23(1):43–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(69)90240-9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Kouchoukos NT, Blackstone EH, Hanley FL, Kirklin JK. Postinfarction ventricular septal defect. Kirklin/Barrat-Boyes cardiac surgery, vol. I. 3rd ed. Churchill Livingstone; 2003. p. 456.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Cox FF, Plokker HW, Morshuis WJ, Kelder JC, Vermeulen FE. Importance of coronary revascularization for late survival after postinfarction ventricular septal rupture. A reason to perform coronary angiography prior to surgery. Eur Heart J. 1996;17(12):1841–5. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a014801.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Sutton MG, Sharpe N. Left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction: pathophysiology and therapy. Circulation. 2000;101(25):2981–8. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.101.25.2981.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Task Force on the management of ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), Steg PG, James SK, Atar D, Badano LP, Blömstrom-Lundqvist C, Borger MA, Di Mario C, Dickstein K, Ducrocq G, Fernandez-Aviles F, Gershlick AH, Giannuzzi P, Halvorsen S, Huber K, Juni P, Kastrati A, Knuuti J, Lenzen MJ, Mahaffey KW, Valgimigli M, Van’t Hof A, Widimsky P, Zahger D. ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation Task Force on the management of ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2012;33(20):2569–619. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehs215.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. O’Gara PT, Kushner FG, Ascheim DD, Casey DE Jr, Chung MK, de Lemos JA, Ettinger SM, Fang JC, Fesmire FM, Franklin BA, Granger CB, Krumholz HM, Linderbaum JA, Morrow DA, Newby LK, Ornato JP, Ou N, Radford MJ, Tamis-Holland JE, Tommaso CL, Tracy CM, Woo YJ, Zhao DX. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61(4):485–510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2012.11.018.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Arnaoutakis GJ, Zhao Y, George TJ, Sciortino CM, McCarthy PM, Conte JV. Surgical repair of ventricular septal defect after myocardial infarction: outcomes from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons National Database. Ann Thorac Surg. 2012;94(2):436–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2012.04.020.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  20. Malhotra A, Patel K, Sharma P, Wadhawa V, Madan T, Khandeparkar J, Shah K, Patel S. Techniques, timing & prognosis of post infarct ventricular septal repair: a Re-look at old dogmas. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg. 2017;32(3):147–55. https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2016-0032.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  21. Crenshaw BS, Granger CB, Birnbaum Y, Pieper KS, Morris DC, Kleiman NS, Vahanian A, Califf RM, Topol EJ. Risk factors, angiographic patterns, and outcomes in patients with ventricular septal defect complicating acute myocardial infarction. GUSTO-I (global utilization of streptokinase and TPA for occluded coronary arteries) Trial Investigators. Circulation. 2000;101(1):27–32. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.101.1.27.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Arnaoutakis GJ, Conte JV. Repair of postinfarct ventricular septal defect: anterior apical ventricular septal defect. Oper Tech Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2014;19(1):96–114. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.optechstcvs.2014.03.002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Daggett WM, Guyton RA, Mundth ED, Buckley MJ, McEnany MT, Gold HK, Leinbach RC, Austen WG. Surgery for post-myocardial infarct ventricular septal defect. Ann Surg. 1977;186(3):260–71. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000658-197709000-00004.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  24. Nakajima M, Tsuchiya K, Inoue H, Naito Y, Mizutani E. Ann Thorac Surg. 2003;75(1):301–2. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4975(02)03929-2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. David TE, Armstrong S. Surgical repair of postinfarction ventricular septal defect by infarct exclusion. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1998;10(2):105–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1043-0679(98)70003-6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. David TE, Dale L, Sun Z. Postinfarction ventricular septal rupture: repair by endocardial patch with infarct exclusion. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1995;110(5):1315–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5223(95)70054-4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Yamasaki T, Fujita S, Kaku Y, Katagiri J, Hiramatsu T. Modified double patch repair with infarct exclusion technique for ventricular septal perforation: a case study. J Cardiothorac Surg. 2018;13(1):17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-018-0708-7.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  28. Isoda S, Imoto K, Uchida K, Nishimura K, Karube N, Suzuki S, Masuda M. ’Sandwich Technique’ via a right ventricle incision to repair postinfarction ventricular septal defects. J Card Surg. 2015;30(6):488–93. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocs.12546.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Salehi-Ardebili S, Mehdizade H, Askari B. Report of five cases: sandwich repair for post infarction ventricular septal rupture with right ventricular approach. Egypt Heart J. 2020;16:11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43044-020-00048-2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Schlotter F, de Waha S, Eitel I, Desch S, Fuernau G, Thiele H. Interventional post-myocardial infarction ventricular septal defect closure: a systematic review of current evidence. EuroIntervention. 2016;12(1):94–102. https://doi.org/10.4244/EIJV12I1A17.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Thiele H, Kaulfersch C, Daehnert I, Schoenauer M, Eitel I, Borger M, Schuler G. Immediate primary transcatheter closure of postinfarction ventricular septal defects. Eur Heart J. 2009;30(1):81–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehn524.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Jones BM, Kapadia SR, Smedira NG, Robich M, Tuzcu EM, Menon V, Krishnaswamy A. Ventricular septal rupture complicating acute myocardial infarction: a contemporary review. Eur Heart J. 2014;35(31):2060–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehu248.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Ponikowski P, Voors AA, Anker SD, Bueno H, Cleland JG, Coats AJ, Falk V, González-Juanatey JR, Harjola VP, Jankowska EA, Jessup M, Linde C, Nihoyannopoulos P, Parissis JT, Pieske B, Riley JP, Rosano GM, Ruilope LM, Ruschitzka F, Rutten FH, van der Meer P, Authors/Task Force Members, Document Reviewers. ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: the Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur J Heart Fail. 2016;18(8):891–975. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejhf.592.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Ibanez B, James S, Agewall S, Antunes MJ, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Bueno H, Caforio ALP, Crea F, Goudevenos JA, Halvorsen S, Hindricks G, Kastrati A, Lenzen MJ, Prescott E, Roffi M, Valgimigli M, Varenhorst C, Vranckx P, Widimský P, ESC Scientific Document Group. 2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: the Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2018;39(2):119–77. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehx393.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Ronco D, Matteucci M, Ravaux JM, Marra S, Torchio F, Corazzari C, Massimi G, Beghi C, Maessen J, Lorusso R. Mechanical circulatory support as a bridge to definitive treatment in post-infarction ventricular septal rupture. JACC Cardiovasc Intv. 2021;14(10):1053–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcin.2021.02.046.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Slater J, Brown RJ, Antonelli TA, et al. Cardiogenic shock due to cardiac free-wall rupture or tamponade after acute myocardial infarction: A report from the SHOCK trial registry. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;36(Suppl A):1104–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(00)00846-9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Tripathi B, Aggarwal V, Abbott JD, Kumbhani DJ, Giri J, Kalra A, Sardar P, Chatterjee S. Mechanical complications in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) based on different reperfusion strategies. Am J Cardiol. 2021;156:79–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2021.06.012.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Matteucci M, Kowalewski M, De Bonis M, Formica F, Jiritano F, Fina D, Meani P, Folliguet T, Bonaros N, Sponga S, Suwalski P, De Martino A, Fischlein T, Troise G, Dato GA, Serraino GF, Shah SH, Scrofani R, Antona C, Fiore A, Kalisnik JM, D’Alessandro S, Villa E, Lodo V, Colli A, Aldobayyan I, Massimi G, Trumello C, Beghi C, Lorusso R. Surgical treatment of post-infarction left ventricular free-wall rupture: A multicenter study. Ann Thorac Surg. 2021;112(4):1186–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.11.019.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Elbadawi A, Elgendy IY, Mahmoud K, Barakat AF, Mentias A, Mohamed AH, Ogunbayo GO, Megaly M, Saad M, Omer MA, Paniagua D, Abbott JD, Jneid H. Temporal trends and outcomes of mechanical complications in patients with acute myocardial infarction. JACC Cardiovasc Intv. 2019;12(18):1825–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JCIN.2019.04.039.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. French JK, Hellkamp AS, Armstrong PW, Cohen E, Kleiman NS, O’Connor CM, Holmes DR, Hochman JS, Granger CB, Mahaffey KW. Mechanical Complications After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in ST-Elevation myocardial infarction (from APEX-AMI). Am J Cardiol. 2010;105(1):59–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AMJCARD.2009.08.653.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Figueras J, Alcalde O, Barrabés JA, Serra V, Alguersuari J, Cortadellas J. Lidón RMChanges in hospital mortality rates in 425 patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction and cardiac rupture over a 30-year period. Circulation. 2008;118(25):2783–9. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.776690.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. López-Sendón J, Gurfinkel EP, Lopez de Sa E, Agnelli G, Gore JM, Steg PG, Eagle KA, Cantador JR, Fitzgerald G, Granger CB, Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) Investigators, E L de S, et al. Factors related to heart rupture in acute coronary syndromes in the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events. Eur Heart J. 2010;31(12):1449–56. https://doi.org/10.1093/EURHEARTJ/EHQ061.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Slater J, Brown RJ, Antonelli TA, Menon V, Boland J, Col J, Dzavik V, Greenberg M, Menegus M, Connery C, Hochman JS. Cardiogenic shock due to cardiac free-wall rupture or tamponade after acute myocardial infarction: a report from the SHOCK Trial Registry. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;36:1. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(00)00845-7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Antunes MJ. Left ventricular free wall rupture: A real nightmare. J Card Surg. 2021;36(9):3334–6. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocs.15697.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Figueras J, Cortadellas J, Soler-Soler J. Left ventricular free wall rupture: clinical presentation and management. Heart. 2000;83(5):499–504. https://doi.org/10.1136/heart.83.5.499.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  46. Raitt MH, Kraft CD, Gardner CJ, Pearlman AS, Otto CM. Subacute ventricular free wall rupture complicating myocardial infarction. Am Heart J. 1993;126(4):946–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-8703(93)90711-H.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Daikoku S, Haze K, Ogawa H, Kawaguchi M, Nonogi H, Fukami K, Sumiyoshi T, Hiramori K. Clinical and anatomical features of acute myocardial infarction associated with double rupture of the interventricular septum and ventricular free wall. J Cardiol. 1991;21(2):229–36.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Balakumaran K, Verbaan CJ, Essed CE, Nauta J, Bos E, Haalebos MM, Penn O, Simoons ML, Hugenholtz PG. Ventricular free wall rupture: sudden, subacute, slow, sealed and stabilized varieties. Eur Heart J. 1984;5(4):282–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/OXFORDJOURNALS.EURHEARTJ.A061653.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Shozawa T, Masuda H, Sageshima M, Kawamura K, Okada E, Saito N. Classification of cardiac rupture complicated in myocardial infarction. Pathological study of 32 cases. Acta Pathol Jpn. 1987;37(6):871–86. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1440-1827.1987.TB00438.X.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. López-Sendón J, González A, López de Sá EL, Coma-Canella I, Roldán I, Domínguez F, Maqueda I, Martín JL. Diagnosis of subacute ventricular wall rupture after acute myocardial infarction: sensitivity and specificity of clinical, hemodynamic and echocardiographic criteria. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1992;19(6):1145–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/0735-1097(92)90315-E.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Pollak H, Diez W, Spiel R, Enenkel W, Mlczoch J. Early diagnosis of subacute free wall rupture complicating acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J. 1993;14(5):640–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/14.5.640.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Sutherland FWH, Guell FJ, Pathi VL, Naik SK. Postinfarction ventricular free wall rupture: strategies for diagnosis and treatment. Ann Thorac Surg. 1996;61(4):1281–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-4975(95)01160-9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Reardon MJ, Carr CL, Diamond A, Letsou GV, Safi HJ, Espada R, Baldwin JC. Ischemic left ventricular free wall rupture: prediction, diagnosis, and treatment. Ann Thorac Surg. 1997;64(5):1509–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-4975(97)00776-5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Cobbs BW, Hatcher CR, Robinson PH. Cardiac rupture: three operations with two long-term survivals. JAMA. 1973;223(5):532–5. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.223.5.532.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Núñez L, de la Llana R, López Sendón J, Coma I, Gil Aguado MG, Larrea JL. Diagnosis and treatment of subacute free wall ventricular rupture after infarction. Ann Thorac Surg. 1983;35(5):525–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-4975(10)60426-2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Nappi G, De Santo LS, Torella M, Della Corte A, Maresca L, Romano G, Cotrufo M. Treatment strategies for postinfarction left ventricular free wall rupture: stabilization with peri-operative IABP and off-pump repair. Int J Artif Organs. 2003;26(4):346–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/039139880302600410.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Formica F, Mariani S, Singh G, D’Alessandro S, Messina LA, Jones N, Bamodu OA, Sangalli F, Paolini G. Postinfarction left ventricular free wall rupture: A 17-year single-centre experience. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2018;53(1):150–6. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezx271.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Kamohara K, Minato N, Ikeda K, Rikitake K, Takarabe K. Life-saving strategy for left ventricular free wall rupture after acute myocardial infarction. Infarction-covering repair on the ruptured site under the beating heart. Jpn J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2000;48(5):291–4. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03218141.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Iemura J, Oku H, Otaki M, Kitayama H, Inoue T, Kaneda T. Surgical strategy for left ventricular free wall rupture after acute myocardial infarction. Ann Thorac Surg. 2001;71(1):201–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-4975(00)02211-6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Matteucci M, Formica F, Kowalewski M, Massimi G, Ronco D, Beghi C, Lorusso R. Meta-analysis of surgical treatment for postinfarction left ventricular free-wall rupture. J Card Surg. 2021;36(9):3326–33. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocs.15701.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  61. Montegut FJ. Left ventricular rupture secondary to myocardial infarction: report of survival with surgical repair. Ann Thorac Surg. 1972;14(1):75–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-4975(10)65202-2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Matteucci M, Fina D, Jiritano F, Meani P, Blankesteijn WM, Raffa GM, Kowaleski M, Heuts S, Beghi C, Maessen J, Lorusso R. Treatment strategies for post-infarction left ventricular free-wall rupture. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care. 2019;8(4):379–87. https://doi.org/10.1177/2048872619840876.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Lachapelle K, DeVarennes B, Ergina PL, Cecere R. Sutureless patch technique for postinfarction left ventricular rupture. Ann Thorac Surg. 2002;74(1):96–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-4975(02)03581-6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Kagaya S, Aida H, Chida Y. Successful repair of a blow-out type left ventricular free wall rupture after acute myocardial infarction using a viscous diisocyanate Prepolymer. Kyobu Geka. 2019;72(13):1061–5.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Raffa GM, Tarelli G, Patrini D, Settepani F. Sutureless repair for postinfarction cardiac rupture: a simple approach with a tissue-adhering patch. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2013;145(2):598–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JTCVS.2012.08.049.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Bergman R, Jainandunsing JS, Woltersom BD, den Hamer IJ, Natour E. Sutureless management of left ventricle wall rupture; a series of three cases. J Cardiothorac Surg. 2014;9(1):136. https://doi.org/10.1186/S13019-014-0136-2.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  67. Blinc A, Noč M, Pohar B, Černič N, Horvat M. Subacute rupture of the left ventricular free wall after acute myocardial infarction. Three cases of long-term survival without emergency surgical repair. Chest. 1996;109(2):565–7. https://doi.org/10.1378/CHEST.109.2.565.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Vo AT, Nguyen TT, Tran TT, Nguyen DH. Conservative treatment of postinfarction left ventricular free wall rupture. Case Rep Cardiol. 2020;2020:8832578. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8832578.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  69. Okamura H, Kimura N, Mieno M, Matsumoto H, Yuri K, Yamaguchi A. Sutureless repair for postinfarction left ventricular free wall rupture. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2019;158(3):771–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JTCVS.2019.01.124.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Mantovani V, Vanoli D, Chelazzi P, Lepore V, Ferrarese S, Sala A. Post-infarction cardiac rupture: surgical treatment. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2002;22(5):777–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1010-7940(02)00485-2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Ibanez B, James S, Agewall S, et al. ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: the Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2017;119-177:1. https://doi.org/10.1093/EURHEARTJ/EHX393.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy

    Alina Gallo

  2. Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Cliniques de L’Europe, Bruxelles, Belgium

    Silvia Solari

Authors
  1. Alina Gallo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Silvia Solari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alina Gallo .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Ospedale del cuore “G. Pasquinucci", Massa, Italy

    Giovanni Concistrè

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Gallo, A., Solari, S. (2023). Surgical Complications After Acute Myocardial Infarction: Ventricular Septal Defect and Free Wall Rupture. In: Concistrè, G. (eds) Ischemic Heart Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25879-4_29

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25879-4_29

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-25878-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-25879-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation