Abstract
Shear thickening fluid (STF) constitutes a special class of non-Newtonian fluids, which exhibit a transition from low to high viscosity state under shear forces. Due to this unique characteristic of STF, this fluid is extensively used in shock, impact, and vibration mitigation applications. In the last few decades, STF has been integrated into personal protection equipment such as helmets, hip protection pads, and puncture resistant gloves. There is an extensive literature available on STF characterization at low strain rates; however, there is a limited literature about the high strain rate response of STF. To fill this gap, this chapter presents a thorough review on STF-based protective structures against high velocity impacts as well as emphasizing the essential properties in an STF to make it suitable for such applications.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
S. Gürgen, M.C. Kuşhan, W. Li, The effect of carbide particle additives on rheology of shear thickening fluids. Korea Aust Rheol J. 28(2), 121–128 (2016)
C. Fischer, A. Bennani, V. Michaud, E. Jacquelin, J.A.E. MÃ¥nson, Structural damping of model sandwich structures using tailored shear thickening fluid compositions. Smart Mater. Struct. 19(3), 035017 (2010)
C. Fischer, S.A. Braun, P.E. Bourban, V. Michaud, C.J.G. Plummer, J.A.E. MÃ¥nson, Dynamic properties of sandwich structures with integrated shear-thickening fluids. Smart Mater. Struct. 15(5), 1467 (2006)
S. Gürgen, M.A. Sofuoğlu, Experimental investigation on vibration characteristics of shear thickening fluid filled CFRP tubes. Compos. Struct. 226, 111236 (2019)
S.N. Robinovitch, W.C. Hayes, T.A. McMahon, Energy-shunting hip padding system attenuates femoral impact force in a simulated fall. J. Biomech. Eng 117, 409–413 (1995) http://biomechanical.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/
M.J. Decker, C.J. Halbach, C.H. Nam, N.J. Wagner, E.D. Wetzel, Stab resistance of shear thickening fluid (STF)-treated fabrics. Compos. Sci. Technol. 67(3–4), 565–578 (2007)
S. Gürgen, M.C. Kuşhan, Improvement of spall liner performance with smart fluid applications. Thin-Walled Struct. 180, 109854 (2022)
M.R. Sheikhi, S. Gürgen, Deceleration behavior of multi-layer cork composites intercalated with a non-Newtonian material. Arch. Civ. Mech. Eng 23(1), 1–11 (2023)
V.B.C. Tan, T.E. Tay, W.K. Teo, Strengthening fabric Armour with silica colloidal suspensions. Int. J. Solids Struct. 42(5–6), 1561–1576 (2005 Mar)
S. Gürgen, T. Yıldız, Stab resistance of smart polymer coated textiles reinforced with particle additives. Compos. Struct. 235, 111812 (2020)
S. Gürgen, F.A.O. Fernandes, R.J.A. de Sousa, M.C. Kuşhan, Development of eco-friendly shock-absorbing Cork composites enhanced by a non-Newtonian fluid. Appl. Compos. Mater. 28(1), 165–179 (2021)
D.P. Kalman, R.L. Merrill, N.J. Wagner, E.D. Wetzel, Effect of particle hardness on the penetration behavior of fabrics intercalated with dry particles and concentrated particle-fluid suspensions. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 1(11), 2602–2612 (2009)
S. Gürgen, M.C. Kuşhan, The effect of silicon carbide additives on the stab resistance of shear thickening fluid treated fabrics. Mech. Adv. Mater. Struct. 24(16), 1381–1390 (2017)
S.R. Raghavan, S.A. Khan, Shear-thickening response of Fumed silica suspensions under steady and oscillatory shear. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 185, 57 (1997)
H. Yang, J. Ruan, J. Zou, Q. Wu, Z. Zhou, Z. Zhou, Rheological responses of fumed silica suspensions under steady and oscillatory shear. Sci. China Technol. Sci 52(4), 910–915 (2009 Apr)
A.S. Lim, S.L. Lopatnikov, J.W. Gillespie, Implementing the Split-Hopkinson pressure bar technique for shear thickening fluid evaluation. AIP Conf Proc 1027, 689–691 (2008)
A.S. Lim, S.L. Lopatnikov, N.J. Wagner, J.W. Gillespie, Phenomenological modeling of the response of a dense colloidal suspension under dynamic squeezing flow. J. Nonnewton Fluid Mech 166(12–13), 680–688 (2011 Jul)
N. Asija, H. Chouhan, S.A. Gebremeskel, N. Bhatnagar, High strain rate characterization of shear thickening fluids using Split Hopkinson pressure Bar technique. Int J Impact Eng 110, 365–370 (2017a)
N. Asija, H. Chouhan, S.A. Gebremeskel, N. Bhatnagar, Influence of particle size on the low and high strain rate behavior of dense colloidal dispersions of nanosilica. J Nanopart Res. 19(1), 3723 (2017b)
S. Gürgen, The influence of boundary condition on the impact behavior of high performance fabrics. Adv. Electron. Forum 28, 47–54 (2018)
N.K. Naik, P. Shrirao, Composite structures under ballistic impact. Compos. Struct. 66(1–4), 579–590 (2004 Oct)
S.N.A. Safri, M.T.H. Sultan, N. Yidris, F. Mustapha, Low velocity and high velocity impact test on composite materials-a review. Int. J. Eng. Sci 3(9), 50–60 (2014) Available from: www.theijes.com
H. Kolsky, An Investigation of the Mechanical Properties of Materials at very High Rates of Loading. Proc. Phys. Soc. 62, 676–699 (1949)
N.K. Naik, V. Ch, V.R. Kavala, Hybrid composites under high strain rate compressive loading. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 498(1–2), 87–99 (2008)
S.C. Woo, T.W. Kim, High-strain-rate impact in Kevlar-woven composites and fracture analysis using acoustic emission. Compos. Part B Eng 60, 125–136 (2014)
A.S. Lim, S.L. Lopatnikov, J.W. Gillespie, Development of the split-Hopkinson pressure bar technique for viscous fluid characterization. Polym. Test. 28(8), 891–900 (2009)
W. Adam, P. Dawid, Z. Pawel, W. Lukasz, K. Joanna, Z. Dorota, et al., Optimization of material systems with shear thickening fluids, in 28th International Symposium on Ballistics. Atlanta, GA, (2014), pp. 1–10
T.C. de Goede, K.G. de Bruin, D. Bonn, High-velocity impact of solid objects on Non-Newtonian Fluids. Sci Rep 9(1), 1250 (2019)
Y.H. Kim, S.K. Sathish Kumar, Y. Park, H. Kwon, C.G. Kim, High-Velocity Impact onto a High-Frictional Fabric Treated with Adhesive Spray Coating and Shear Thickening Fluid Impregnation, vol 185 (Compos B Eng., 2020), p. 107742
R. Wei, B. Dong, F. Wang, J. Yang, Y. Jiang, W. Zhai, et al., Effects of silica morphology on the shear-thickening behavior of shear thickening fluids and stabbing resistance of fabric composites. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 137(24), 1–7 (2020)
L. Liu, M. Cai, X. Liu, Z. Zhao, W. Chen, Ballistic impact performance of multi-phase STF-impregnated Kevlar fabrics in aero-engine containment. Thin-Wall. Struct 157(29), 107103 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2020.107103
H. Cho, J. Lee, S. Hong, S. Kim, Bulletproof performance of composite plate fabricated using shear thickening fluid and natural fiber paper. Appl. Sci. 10(1), 88 (2020)
M. Soutrenon, V. Michaud, J.A.E. Manson, Influence of processing and storage on the shear thickening properties of highly concentrated monodisperse silica particles in polyethylene glycol. Appl. Rheol. 23(5), 20–28 (2013)
R. Żurowski, M. Tryznowski, S. Gürgen, M. Szafran, A. Świderska, The influence of UV radiation aging on degradation of shear thickening fluids. Materials 15(9), 3269 (2022)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bhalla, N.A. (2023). Shear Thickening Fluid-Based Protective Structures Against High Velocity Impacts. In: Gürgen, S. (eds) Shear Thickening Fluid. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25717-9_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25717-9_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-25716-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-25717-9
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)