Skip to main content

Witches as Monsters

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Feminist Afterlives of the Witch

Part of the book series: Palgrave Studies in (Re)Presenting Gender ((PSRG))

Abstract

This chapter considers how witches are remembered and re-remembered as monsters in popular culture texts, and how feminist acts of activist memory have (re-)structured and (re-)shaped these memories to align with feminist politics and principles. Feminist acts of remembering the witch as a monster not only reconceptualize what makes her monstrous, but also turn her monstrosity into a source of power. This chapter explores how the witch’s monstrosity is aligned with abjection, queerness, and utopianism in popular culture texts, and how these modes of witchy monstrosity are re-remembered (or re-membered) in feminist activist memory. Consequently, this chapter considers the paradox at the heart of feminist activist memories of the witch: the witch’s horror is not erased or removed but is remembered and revised in light of contemporary mnemonic and political necessities.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Bibliography

  • Ashley, Britt. “In Horror Film The Witch, Terror Stems from Puritanical Control of Women.” Bitch Media, March 3, 2016. https://www.bitchmedia.org/article/horror-film-witch-terror-stems-puritanical-control-women.

  • Asma, Stephen T. On Monsters: An Unnatural History of Our Worst Fears. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  • Battis, Jes. Blood Relations: Chosen Families in Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Angel. North Carolina: McFarland, 2015.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bullen, J.B. “Dante Gabriel Rossetti and the Mirror of Masculine Desire.” Nineteenth Century Contexts, 21, no. 3 (1999): 329–352.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Broedel, Hans Peter. “Fifteenth-Century Witch Beliefs.” In The Oxford Handbook of Witchcraft in Early Modern Europe and Colonial America, edited by Brian P. Levack, 32–49. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, Jeffrey Jerome. Monster Theory: Reading Culture. London and Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collier, John. Lilith. 1889. Oil on Canvas, 194 × 104 (Centimetres). Atkinson Art Gallery, Southport, UK.

    Google Scholar 

  • Creed, Barbara. The Monstrous-Feminine: Film, Feminism, Psychoanalysis. London and New York: Routledge, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cryle, Peter and Elizabeth Stephens. Normality: A Critical Genealogy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2017.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • DeKnight, Steven, writer. Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Season 6, episode 19, “Seeing Red.” Directed by Michael Gershman. Aired May 7, 2002, in broadcast syndication. Twentieth Century Fox, 2006, DVD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dowd, A.A. “The 17th-century horror of The Witch is troubling on multiple levels.” The AVClub. February 18, 2016. https://www.avclub.com/the-17th-century-horror-of-the-witch-is-troubling-on-mu-1798186614.

  • Doty, Alexander. Flaming Classics: Queering the Film Canon. New York and London: Routledge, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dworkin, Andrea. Woman Hating. New York: E.P. Dutton, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eggers, Robert, dir. The Witch. 2015; Sydney, NSW: University Sony Pictures Home Entertainment Australia, 2016. DVD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fisher, Austin. Blood on the Streets: Histories of Violence in Italian Crime Cinema. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2019.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Fleming, Victor and King Vidor, dir. The Wizard of Oz. 1939; Neutral Bay, NSW: Turner Entertainment and Warner Bros Entertainment Australia, 2013. DVD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fury, David, writer. Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Season 6, episode 22, “Grave.” Directed James A. Contner. Aired May 21, 2002, in broadcast syndication. Twentieth Century Fox, 2006, DVD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert, Sandra M. and Susan Gubar. The Madwoman in the Attic: The Woman Writer and the Nineteenth-Century Literary Imagination. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glasner, Lily. “‘But What Does It All Mean?’ Religious Reality as a Political Call in the Chronicles of Narnia.” Journal of the Fantastic in the Arts. 25, no. 1 (2014): 54–77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham, Elaine L. Representations of the Post/Human. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham, Jean E. “Women, Sex, and Power: Circe and Lilith in Narnia.” Children’s Literature Association. 29, no. 1–2 (2004): 32–44

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guadagnino, Luca. Suspiria. 2018; Sydney, NSW: Universal Sony Pictures Home Entertainment Australia, 2019. DVD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Halberstam, Jack. Skin Shows: Gothic Horror and the Technology of Monsters. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 1995.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Hand, David, William Cottrell, Wilfred Jackson, Larry Morey, Perce Pearce, Ben Sharpsteen, dirs. Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. 1937; South Yarra, VIC: The Walt Disney Company, 2014. DVD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayes, Britt. “Suspiria Review: A Masterpiece Is Reborn.” ScreenCrush. September 24, 2018. https://screencrush.com/suspiria-review-2018/.

  • “Heffernan’s ‘Deliberately Barren’ the Most Sexist Remark of 2007.” Sydney Morning Herald, November 13, 2007. https://www.smh.com.au/national/heffernans-deliberately-barren-the-most-sexist-remark-of-2007-20071113-gdrl0m.html.

  • Henry, Claire. Revisionist Rape-Revenge: Redefining a Film Genre. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Howard, Alexander and Julian Murphet. “Transferring Suspiria: Historicism and Philosophies of Psychoanalytic Transference.” Film-Philosophy 26, no. 1 (2022): 63–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jowett, Lorna. Sex and the Slayer. Middletown, CN: Wesleyan University Press, 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keegan, Cáel M. “Emptying the Future: Queer Melodramatics and Negative Utopia in Buffy the Vampire Slayer.” Queer Studies in Media and Popular Culture. 1, no. 1 (2016): 9–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kristeva, Julia. Powers of Horror: An Essay on Abjection. Translated by Leon S. Roudiez. New York: Columbia University Press, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, C.S. The Last Battle. 1956. Reissue. London: HarperCollins, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe. 1950. Reissue. London: HarperCollins, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. The Magician’s Nephew. 1955. Reissue. London: HarperCollins, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. The Silver Chair. 1953. Reissue. London: HarperCollins, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mackay, Finn. Radical Feminism: Feminist Activism in Movement. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • McGill, Alan Bernard. “The Witch, the Goat, and the Devil: A Discussion of Scapegoating and the Objectification of Evil in Robert Eggers’ The Witch.” Theology Today 74, no. 4 (2018): 409–414.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Melzer, Patricia. Death in the Shape of a Young Girl: Women’s Political Violence in the Red Army Faction. New York: New York University Press, 2015.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mittman, Asa. “Introduction: The Impact of Monsters and Monster Studies.” In The Ashgate Research Companion to Monsters and the Monstrous, edited by Asa Simon Mittman with Peter J. Dendle, 1–14. Surrey, UK: Ashgate, 2012.

    Google Scholar 

  • Norris, Pamela. The Story of Eve. London and Basingstoke: Picador, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  • Noxon, Marti, writer. Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Season 6, episode 20, “Villains.” Directed by David Solomon. Aired May 14, 2002, in broadcast syndication. Twentieth Century Fox, 2006, DVD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pangborn, Matthew. “‘I’ll Get You, My Pretty!’: Bicycle Horror and the Abject Cyclicity of History.” In Culture on Two Wheels, edited by Jeremy Withers and Daniel P. Shea, 191–207. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press, 2016.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Plaskow, Judith. The Coming of Lilith: Essays on Feminism, Judaism, and Sexual Ethics, 1972–2003. Edited by Donna Berman. Boston: Beacon Press, 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pugh, Tison. “‘There Lived in the Land of Oz Two Queerly Made Men’: Queer Utopianism and Antisocial Eroticism in L. Frank Baum’s Oz Series.” Marvels and Tales: Journal of Fairy-Tale Studies. 22, no. 2 (2008): 217–239.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roper, Lyndal. Witch Craze: Terror and Fantasy in Baroque Germany. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sedgwick, Eve Kosofsky. The Coherence of Gothic Conventions. New York and London: Methuen, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro, Ann R. “The Flight of Lilith: Modern Jewish American Feminist Literature.” Studies in American Jewish Literature (1981–) 29 (Special Issue in Honor of Sarah Blacher Cohen) (2010): 68–79.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sontag, Susan. Against Interpretation and Other Essays. 1961. Reissue. London and New York: Penguin Books, 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vetere, Lisa. “The Rage of Willow: Malefic Witchcraft Fantasy in Buffy the Vampire Slayer.” In Buffy Conquers the Academy, edited by U. Melissa Anyiwo and Karoline Szatek-Tudor, 76–88. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2013.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whedon, Joss, writer. Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Season 7, episode 22, “Chosen.” Directed by Joss Whedon. Aired May 20, 2003, in broadcast syndication. Twentieth Century Fox, 2006, DVD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wood, Robin. “Introduction to the American Horror Film.” In Robin Wood and the Horror Film: Collected Essays and Reviews. Edited by Barry Keith Grant, 73–110. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 2018.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. “The Return of the Repressed.” In Robin Wood and the Horror Film: Collected Essays and Reviews. Edited by Barry Keith Grant, 57–62. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 2018.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Brydie Kosmina .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Kosmina, B. (2023). Witches as Monsters. In: Feminist Afterlives of the Witch. Palgrave Studies in (Re)Presenting Gender. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25292-1_4

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics