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Different Strategies for Nose-to-Brain Delivery of Small Molecules

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Nasal Drug Delivery

Abstract

The intranasal (IN) route of drug administration has emerged as an alternative route over the systemic (oral and parenteral) drug delivery to the brain.

The intranasal route of drug administration exhibits as a non-invasive technique to bypass the BBB for the delivery of drugs inside the brain and the CNS. This method is helpful for those drugs that are unable to invade the BBB to show its action in the CNS and thus erase the demand of systemic delivery and shrink systemic side effects. Drug delivery from the nose to the brain/CNS takes very less time through both olfactory and trigeminal nerves. Intranasal delivery does not require the involvement of any receptor as it occurs through an extracellular route. The delivery of the drug via an IN route offers various advantages over a systemic drug delivery system as it directly delivers the drug into the brain via the olfactory route. The presence of drugs in the olfactory bulb, in turn, increases the drug bioavailability in the brain and reduces degradation as well as wastage of the drug through systemic clearance. However, there are some limitations associated with IN like poor drug permeation through the nasal mucosa and mucociliary clearance. There are many novel drug delivery strategies (nano-drug carrier system, colloidal carriers, mucoadhesive devices, controlled delivery system, pro-drug, etc.) are adapted to overcome the above-stated limitations. Nose-to-brain delivery also involves nasal-associated lymphatic tissues (NALT) and deep cervical lymph nodes. This review focuses on different strategies for nose-to-brain delivery of small molecules.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Technical Education, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Smita P. Borkar & Abhay Raizaday

  2. Arvind Gavali College of Pharmacy, Jaitapur, Satara, Maharashtra, India

    Smita P. Borkar

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  1. Smita P. Borkar
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA

    Yashwant V. Pathak

  2. School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Hemant K. S. Yadav

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Borkar, S.P., Raizaday, A. (2023). Different Strategies for Nose-to-Brain Delivery of Small Molecules. In: Pathak, Y.V., Yadav, H.K.S. (eds) Nasal Drug Delivery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23112-4_17

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