Abstract
In this chapter, a distributed hierarchical control is proposed for AC microgrid, which could apply to both grid-connected mode and islanded mode as well as mode transitions. The control includes three control levels: (i) the basic droop control is adopted as the primary control; (ii) the secondary control is based on the distributed control with a leader–follower consensus protocol; and (iii) the tertiary level is a mode-supervisory control, which manages the different control targets of four operation modes. Under the proposed control framework, the following targets are achieved: (1) the frequency/voltage recovery and accurate power sharing in islanded mode (IS); (2) flexible power flow regulation between utility grid and microgrid in grid-connected mode (GC); (3) universal control strategy from GC to IS modes without control switching; (4) smooth active synchronization from IS mode to GC mode. In this sense, the proposed method can adapt to all four operation modes of microgrid. Compared with central-standard hierarchical control, the proposed method only requires local neighbor-to-neighbor interaction with a sparse distributed communication network. Thus, the scalability, flexibility, reliability, and robustness are greatly improved in practical application. In addition, stability analysis is added to facilitate the control parameter designs, and substantial simulation cases are provided to validate the control feasibility, link-failure resiliency, and plug-and-play capability.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Change history
04 May 2023
A correction has been published.
References
J. He, Y. Li, Analysis, design, and implementation of virtual impedance for power electronics interfaced distributed generation. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. 47(6), 2525–2538, Nov. 2011.
H. Han et al., Review of power sharing control strategies for islanding operation of AC microgrids. IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 7(1), 200–215 (2016)
Y. Deng et al., Enhanced power flow control for grid-connected droop-controlled inverters with improved stability. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 64(7), 5919–5929 (2017)
F. Tang, J.M. Guerrero, J.C. Vasquez, D. Wu, L. Meng, Distributed active synchronization strategy for microgrid seamless reconnection to the grid under unbalance and harmonic distortion. IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 6(6), 2757–2769 (2015)
Y. Sun, X. Hou, J. Yang, H. Han, M. Su, J.M. Guerrero, New perspectives on droop control in AC microgrid. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 64(7), 5741–5745 (2017)
J.M. Guerrero, L. GarciadeVicuna, J. Matas, Output impedance design of parallel-connected UPS inverters with wireless load-sharing control. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 52(4), 1126–1135 (2005)
H. Han, Y. Liu, Y. Sun, M. Su, J.M. Guerrero, An improved droop control strategy for reactive power sharing in islanded microgrid. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 30(6), 3133–3141 (2015)
J.M. Guerrero, J.C. Vasquez, J. Matas, Hierarchical control of droop-controlled AC and DC microgrids—a general approach toward standardization. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 58(1), 158–172 (2011)
H. Geng, S. Li, C. Zhang, G. Yang, L. Dong, B.N. Mobarakeh, Hybrid communication topology and protocol for distributed-controlled cascaded H-bridge multilevel STATCOM. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. 53(1), 576–584 (2017)
X. Sun, Y. Tian, Z. Chen, Adaptive decoupled power control method for inverter connected DG. IET Renew. Power Gener. 8(2), 171–182 (2014)
M. Debasish, Power System Small Signal Stability Analysis and Control, ch. 5 (Academic, 2014, New York), pp. 119–143
A. Bidram, A. Davoudi, Hierarchical structure of microgrids control system. IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 3(4), 1963–1976 (2012)
D.E. Olivares, A. Mehrizi-Sani, et al., Trends in microgrid control. IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 5(4), 1905–1919 (2014)
J. Xiao, P. Wang, L. Setyawan, Hierarchical control of hybrid energy storage system in DC microgrids. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 62(8), 4915–4924 (2015)
J. Wang, C. Jin, P. Wang, A uniform control strategy for the interlinking converter in hierarchical controlled hybrid AC/DC microgrids. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 65(8), 6188–6197 (2018)
L. Che, M. Shahidehpour, A. Alabdulwahab, Y. Al-Turki, Hierarchical coordination of a community microgrid with AC and DC microgrids. IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 6(6), 3042–3051 (2015)
M.H. Cintuglu, T. Youssef, O.A. Mohammed, Development and application of a real-time testbed for multiagent system interoperability: a case study on hierarchical microgrid control. IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 9(3), 1759–1768 (2018)
Y. Han, H. Li, P. Shen, E.A.A. Coelho, J.M. Guerrero, Review of active and reactive power sharing strategies in hierarchical controlled microgrids. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 32(3), 2427–2451 (2017)
C. Cho, J. Jeon, J. Kim, S. Kwon, K. Park, S. Kim, Active synchronizing control of a microgrid. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 26(12), 3707–3719 (2011)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Sun, Y. (2023). AC Microgrid Seamless Transition. In: Lu, J., Wei, B., Hou, X., Sun, Y. (eds) Advanced Control and Protection of Modular Uninterruptible Power Supply Systems. Power Systems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22178-1_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22178-1_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-22177-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-22178-1
eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)