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Socio-Economic Effects of War Against Terror-Induced Displacement on Host Communities in District Kohat, Pakistan

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Rebuilding Communities After Displacement

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Abstract

This study is an effort to highlight the socio-economic effects that residents of Kohat had to face due to temporary settlement of temporarily dislocated persons (TDPs) during war on terror. Huge population has been temporarily settled in the study area leading to social and economic issues particularly rising crimes, house rents and expenditure, and decline in daily wages and income. Therefore, the need of this study was felt to investigate the socio-economic impacts of TDPs on host communities. Both primary and secondary data was utilized to achieve objectives of this study. For this purpose, four sample sites were selected using stratified purposive sampling techniques to conduct questionnaire survey. Questionnaire survey of 280 households was conducted for detail micro-level analysis. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to visualize the temporal variations in selected variables. The relation between monthly income, expenditure and crime rate was determined by applying linear regression model. ArcGIS 10.2 is used to geo-visualize the spatial distribution of TDPs camps and sample sites. Analysis revealed that the study area was hosting large number of TDPs since 2007. Monthly income and expenditure of the hosting community remained same while, contradictory to that, the income of TDPs decreased by 50 percent and expenditure increased. A sharp increase was seen in daily wages from 2005 to 2009 but after the arrival of dislocated people the increase in wages was very slow. It slowed down the pace increment in wages. Similarly, increase in crime incidences was also very sharp. In the year 2011, crime incidents decreased because of start of return TDPs to their native areas but during 2012–14, crime rate increased again as more dislocated families from Federally Administered Tribal Area (FATA) came to Kohat.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan

    Shakeel Mahmood & Attia Atiq

  2. Department of Geography, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan

    Samiullah

  3. Department of Political Science, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan

    Ahmad Raza Khan

Authors
  1. Shakeel Mahmood
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  2. Attia Atiq
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  3. Samiullah
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  4. Ahmad Raza Khan
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shakeel Mahmood .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Risk Management and Societal Safety, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

    Mo Hamza

  2. Global Disaster Resilience Centre, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK

    Dilanthi Amaratunga

  3. Global Disaster Resilience Centre, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK

    Richard Haigh

  4. Global Disaster Resilience Centre, School of Arts and Humanities, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK

    Chamindi Malalgoda

  5. Global Disaster Resilience Centre, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK

    Chathuranganee Jayakody

  6. Global Disaster Resilience Centre, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK

    Anuradha Senanayake

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Mahmood, S., Atiq, A., Samiullah, Khan, A.R. (2023). Socio-Economic Effects of War Against Terror-Induced Displacement on Host Communities in District Kohat, Pakistan. In: Hamza, M., Amaratunga, D., Haigh, R., Malalgoda, C., Jayakody, C., Senanayake, A. (eds) Rebuilding Communities After Displacement. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21414-1_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21414-1_16

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-21413-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-21414-1

  • eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)

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