Abstract
Insight, creativity, imagination, vision, introspection, and optimism are critical thinking-style patterns that enhance self-efficacy and self-directed learning in the face of failure. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy, on the other hand, is linked to people’s perceptions of their ability to do specific activities and entrepreneurial positions successfully. It is critical for successful entrepreneurs to see the opportunities that exist around them, as well as whether and how they secure funding for their ventures. For foreign entrepreneurs, the proper positioning of these occurrences is a vital threshold.
In Türkiye, where the number of immigrants entering the business world and examples of success and failure have proliferated, the need to evaluate the relationship between self-efficacy and entrepreneurial performance has emerged. Because a process-oriented evaluation of entrepreneurship is required for the study, and because methodological studies based on statistical analyses will be insufficient to explain this process, data on the emotional states of the entrepreneurs, the determination, evaluation, and application of business opportunities, and how they will cope with the problems they will face in the study have been evaluated.
Using the “experience sampling methodology,” an innovative methodological approach that will help migrant entrepreneurs to provide assessments of their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in a variety of situations occurring in their natural environments, allowing for an in-depth examination of nature and causal directionality across variables, an evaluation will be made about the method to be followed in the evaluation of migrant entrepreneurs residing in Türkiye.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Alici, G. (2005). Ethnic entrepreneurship: From unemployment to small enterprise. Paper presented at the NFF Conference. The Aarhus School of Business, Denmark.
Anheier, H., Gerhards, J., & Romo, F. (1995). Forms of capital and social structure in cultural fields: Examining Bourdieu’s social topography. American Journal of Sociology, 100(4), 859–903. https://doi.org/10.1086/230603
Baltar, F., & Icart, I. B. (2013). Entrepreneurial gain, cultural similarity and transnational entrepreneurship. Global Networks, 13(2), 200–219. https://doi.org/10.1111/glob.12020
Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action. Prentice-Hall.
Bandura, A. (2001). Social cognitive theory: An Agentic Perspective. Annual Review of Psychology Journal, 52, 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.1
Batjargal, B. (2003). Social capital and entrepreneurial performance in Russia: A longitudinal study. Organization Studies, 24(4), 535–556. https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840603024004002
Betta, M., Jones, R., & Latham, J. (2010). Entrepreneurship and the innovative self. A Schumpeterian reflection. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research, 16(3), 229–244. https://doi.org/10.1108/13552551011042807
Boeker, W., & Wiltbank, R. (2005). New venture evolution and managerial capabilities. Organization Science, 16(2), 123–133. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1050.0115
Chen, C. C., Green, P. G., & Crick, A. (1998). Does entrepreneurial self-efficacy distinguish entrepreneurs from managers? Journal of Business Venturing, 13(4), 295–316. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(97)00029-3
Chrysostome, E. (2010). The success factors of necessity immigrant entrepreneurs: In search of a model. Thunderbird International Business Review, 52(2), 137–152. https://doi.org/10.1002/tie.20320
Chrysostome, E., & Arcand, S. (2009). Survival of necessity immigrant entrepreneurs: An exploratory study. Journal of Comparative International Management, 12(2), 3–29.
Cooper, A. C., & Gascon, E. J. G. (1992). Entrepreneurs, processes of founding, and new-firm performance. In D. L. Sexton & J. D. Kassadra (Eds.), The state of art of entrepreneurship. PWS-Kent.
Cui, L., Meyer, K. E., & Hu, H. W. (2014). What drives firms’ intent to seek strategic assets by foreign direct investment? A study of emerging economy firms. Journal of World Business, 49(4), 488–501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2013.12.003
Drnovsek, M., Wincent, J., & Cardon, M. S. (2009). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and business start-up: developing a multi-dimensional definition. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research, 16(4), 329–348. https://doi.org/10.1108/13552551011054516
Duan, C., Kotey, B., & Sandhu, K. (2021). A systematic literature review of determinants of immigrant entrepreneurship motivations. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship. https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2021.1997490
Emmanuel, Y. (2017). Influence of entrepreneurship education, technology and globalisation on performance of SMEs in Nigeria. African Journal of Business Management, 11(15), 367–374. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBM2017.8345
Fang, X., & An, L. (2017). A study of effects of entrepreneurial passion and risk appetite on entrepreneurial performance. Revista de Cercetare si Interventie Sociala, 56, 102–113.
Farrington, S. M., Venter, D. J. L., & Neethling, A. (2012). Entrepreneurial attributes and intentions: Perceptions of South African business science students. Management Dynamics, 3, 17–32.
Gardner, D. G., Huang, G. H., Niu, X., Pierce, J. L., & Lee, C. (2015). Organization-based self-esteem, psychological contract fulfillment, and perceived employment opportunities: A test of self-regulatory theory. Human Resource Management, 54(6), 933–953. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21648
Groenewald, M. J., Co, J., Mitchell, B., Nayager, T., Van Zyl, J., Visser, K., Train, W., & Emanuel, B. (2006). Entrepreneurship: Fresh perspectives. Pearson Education.
Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (1998). Multivariate data analysis. Prentice-Hall.
Hallak, R., Assaker, G., & O’Connor, P. (2014). Are family and nonfamily tourism businesses different? An examination of the entrepreneurial self-efficacy–entrepreneurial performance relationship. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 38(3), 388–413. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348012461545
Hektner, J. M., Schmidt, J. A., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2010). Experience sampling method: Measuring the quality of everyday life. Sage.
Hisrich, R. D., Peters, M. P., & Shepherd, A. (2010). Entrepreneurship (8th ed.). McGraw Hill.
Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behavior, institutions and organisations across nations (2nd ed.). Sage.
Imran, T., Ahmed, R. R., Streimikiene, D., Soomro, R. H., Parmar, V., & Vveinhardt, J. (2019). Assessment of entrepreneurial traits and small-firm performance with entrepreneurial orientation as a mediating factor. Sustainability, 11(19), 5301. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11195301
Kop, R. (2012). The unexpected connection: Serendipity and human mediation in networked learning. Educational Technology & Society, 15(2), 2–11.
Krueger, N. (2003). The cognitive psychology of entrepreneurship. In Z. Acs & D. Audretsch (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial research (pp. 105–140). Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Kunene, T. R. (2008). A critical analysis of entrepreneurial and business skills in SMEs in the textile and clothing industry in Johannesburg, South Africa. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria.
Lai, G., Lin, N., & Leung, S. (1998). Network resources, contact resources and status attainment. Social Networks, 20, 159–178.
Lavie, D. (2006). The competitive advantage of interconnected firms: An extension of the resource-based view. Academy of Management Review, 31(3), 638–658. https://doi.org/10.2307/20159233
Light, I. (2006). Deflecting immigration: Network, markets and regulations in Los Angeles. Russell Sage Foundation.
Lin, N. (2001). Building a network theory of social capital. In N. Lin, K. Cook, & R. Burt (Eds.), Social capital, theory and research (pp. 3–29). Aldine de Gruyter.
McClelland, D. C. (1998). Identifying competencies with behavioural-event interview. Sage Journal of Psychological Science, 9(5), 331–339. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00065
Mitchell, B. C. (2004). Motives of entrepreneurs: A case study of South Africa. Journal of Entrepreneurship, 13, 167–183. https://doi.org/10.1177/097135570401300203
Myin-Germeys, I., Kasanova, Z., Vaessen, T., Vachon, H., Kirtley, O., Viechtbauer, W., & Reininghaus, U. (2018). Experience sampling methodology in mental health research: New insights and technical developments. World Psychiatry, 17(2), 123–132. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20513
Nestorowicz, J. (2011). Know knowns and know unknowns of immigrant self- employment. University of Warsaw.
Nieman, G., & Nieuwenhuizen, C. (2009). Entrepreneurship: A South African perspective (2nd ed.). Van Schaik.
Prieto, L., Wang, L., Hinrichs, K. T., & Arguire-Milling, H. (2010). Propensity for self- employment: Contrasting the USA and Mexico. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 17(3), 315–333.
Quan, X. (2012). Prior experience, social network, and levels of entrepreneurial intentions. Management Research Review, 35, 945–957. https://doi.org/10.1108/01409171211272679
Reis, H. T., & Gable, S. L. (2000). Event-sampling and other methods for studying everyday experience. In H. T. Reis & C. M. Judd (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in social and personality psychology (pp. 190–222). Cambridge University Press.
Rettab, B. (2001). The emergence of ethnic entrepreneurship: A conceptual framework. EIM Small Business Research and Consultancy, 44(98), 4–44.
Salaff, J. W. (2002). Ethnic entrepreneurship, social networks and the enclave. Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Schumpeter, J. A. (1934). Theory of economic development. Harvard University Press.
Scollon, C. N., Kim-Prieto, C., & Diener, E. (2003). Experience sampling: Promises and pitfalls, strengths and weaknesses. Journal of Happiness Studies, 4, 5–34. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023605205115
Shane, S. (2003). A general theory of entrepreneurship: The individual-opportunity nexus. Edward Elgar.
Takahashi, S. I. Y. (2009). Entrepreneurs as decisive human resources and business. Performance for the Lao SMEs. Chinese Business Review, 8(7), 29–47. https://doi.org/10.17265/1537-1506/2009.07.003
Thomas, K. W., & Velthouse, B. A. (1990). Cognitive elements of empowerment: An “interpretive” model of intrinsic task motivation. Academy of Management Review, 15(4), 666–681. https://doi.org/10.2307/258687
Tseng, C. C. (2013). Connecting self-directed learning with entrepreneurial learning to entrepreneurial performance. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 19(4), 425–446. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-08-2011-0086
Urban, B. (2004). Understanding the moderating effect of culture and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria.
Uy, M. A., Foo, M. D., & Aguinis, H. (2010). Using experience sampling methodology to advance entrepreneurship theory and research. Organizational Research Methods, 13(1), 31–54. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428109334977
Vancouver, J. B., Thomson, C. M., Tischner, E. C., & Putka, D. L. (2002). Two studies examining the negative effect of self-efficacy on performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(3), 506–516. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.3.506
Vinogradov, E., & Elam, E. (2010). A process model of venture creation by immigrant entrepreneurs. In C. G. Brush, L. Kolvereid, O. Widding, & R. Sorheim (Eds.), The life cycle of new ventures: Emergence, newness and growth (pp. 109–126). Edward Elgar.
Waldinger, R. (2002). Immigrant enterprise: A critique and reformation. Theory and society, Sage.
Watson, T. J. (2013). Entrepreneurship in action: Bringing together the individual, organizational and institutional dimensions of entrepreneurial action. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development: An International Journal, 2(3), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2012.754645
Zhao, H., Seibert, S. E., & Lumpkin, G. T. (2010). The relationship of personality to entrepreneurial intentions and performance: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Management, 36(2), 381–404. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206309335187
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Karayel, S. (2023). The Use of Experience Sampling Methodology in the Analysis of the Impact of Immigrants’ Self-Efficacy on Their Entrepreneurial Performance. In: Arıcıoğlu, M.A., Koyuncuoğlu, Ö., Oktay Dündar, A. (eds) Refugee and Immigrant Entrepreneurship. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20477-7_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20477-7_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-20476-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-20477-7
eBook Packages: Business and ManagementBusiness and Management (R0)