Abstract
This chapter details the cytomorphologic spectrum of normal cellular elements found in the prostate gland, seminal vesicle, and testis. Diagnostic pitfalls associated with misinterpretation of benign cells as malignant findings are also highlighted. While aspirations of these organs are uncommon today, they have been utilized in the clinical setting of infertility work-up as well as evaluation of prostatic adenocarcinoma when prostatic core biopsy is not feasible.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Young B, O’Dowd G, Woodford P. Wheater’s functional histology: a text a colour atlas. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2013.
Maksem JA, Berner A, Bedrossian C. Fine needle aspiration of the prostate gland. Diagn Cytopathol. 2007;35(12):778–85.
Saleh AFM, Rahman AJE, Salam MA, Islam F. Role of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of prostatic lesions with histologic correlation. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull. 2005;31(3):95–103.
Polito M, Albert R, Muzzonigro G, Bladi A, Diambrini M, Vecchi A. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the prostate gland: our experience concerning 101 cases with histological follow-up. Prostate. 1990;17(2):85–94.
Perez-Guillermo M, Acosta-Ortega J, Garcia-Solano J. Pitfalls and infrequent findings in fine-needle aspiration of the prostate gland. Diagn Cytopathol. 2005;33(2):126–37.
Cerruto MA, Novella G, Zechhini Antoniolli S, Zattoni F. Use of transperineal fine needle aspiration of seminal vesicles to retrieve sperm in a man with obstructive azoospermia. Fertil Steril. 2006;86(6):1764.
Boehlen D, Schmid HP. Novel use of fine needle aspiration of seminal vesicles for sperm retrieval in infertile men. Urology. 2005;66(4):880.
Koivuniemi A, Tyrrko J. Seminal vesicle epithelium in fine-needle aspiration biopsies of the prostate as a pitfall in the cytologic diagnosis of carcinoma. Acta Cytol. 1976;20(2):116–9.
Satturwar S, Monaco SE, Xing J, Brand RE, Pantanowitz. Bizarre benign cells in peri-rectal endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration due to seminal vesicle sampling. Diagn Cytopathol. 2020;48(6):586–8.
Kuo T, Gomez LG. Monstrous epithelial cells in human epididymis and seminal vesicles: a pseudomalignant change. Am J Surg Pathol. 1981;5(5):483–90.
Quick CM, Gokden N, Sangio AR, Brooks JD, McKenney JK. The distribution of PAX-2 immunoreactivity in the prostate gland, seminal vesicle, and ejaculatory duct: comparison with prostatic adenocarcinoma and discussion of prostatic zonal embryogenesis. Hum Pathol. 2010;41(8):1145–9.
Tong GX, Memeo L, Colarossi C, Hamele-Bena D, Magi-Galluzzi C, Zhou M, Lagana SM, Harik L, Oliver-Krasinski JM, Mansukhani M, Falcone L, Hibshoosh H, O’Toole K. PAX8 and PAX2 immunostaining facilitates the diagnosis of primary epithelial neoplasms of the male genital tract. Am J Surg Pathol. 2011;35(10):1473–83.
Ortiz-Rey JA, Juaneda-Benavides L, Peteiro-Cancelo Á, de María CG, Tejado BS, Tardío-Baigés A. Another application of PAX8: to confirm the presence of seminal vesicle epithelium in prostate needle biopsies. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2015;23(2):161–2.
Ortiz-Rey JA, Chantada-de la Fuente D, Peteiro-Cancelo MA, Gomez-deMaria C, San Miguel-Fraile MP. Usefulness of GATA-3 as a marker of seminal epithelium in prostate biopsies. Actas Urol Esp. 2017;41(9):577–83.
Trainer TD. Histology of the normal testis. Am J Surg Pathol. 1987;11(10):797–809.
Nagano T, Ohtsuki I. Reinvestigation of the fine structure of Reinke’s crystal in the human testicular interstitial cell. J Cell Boil. 1971;51(1):148–61.
Yildiz-Aktas IZ, Monaco SE, Khalbuss WE, Parwani AV, Jaffe TM, Pantanowitz. Testicular touch preparation cytology in the evaluation of male infertility. Cytojournal. 2011;8:24.
Cito G, Coccia ME, Sessa F, Cocci A, Verrienti P, Picone R, Fucci R, Criscuoli L, Serni S, Carini M, Natali A. Testicular fine-needle aspiration for sperm retrieval in azoospermia: a small step toward the technical standardization. World J Mens Health. 2019;37(1):55–67.
Jashani K, Gundawar R, Kavishwar V, Parameshwar V. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of the testes for classification of azoospermia and its value in the assessment of male infertility. Acta Cytol. 2020;64(3):216–33.
Magers MJ, Udager AM, Chinnaiyan AM, French D, Myers JL, Jentzen JM, McHugh JB, Heider A, Mehra R. Comprehensive immunophenotypic characterization of adult and fetal testes, the excretory duct system, and testicular and epididymal appendages. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2016;24(7):e50–68.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lew, M., Kunju, L.P., Pantanowitz, L. (2022). Male Reproductive System. In: Lew, M., Pang, J., Pantanowitz, L. (eds) Normal Cytology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20336-7_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20336-7_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-20335-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-20336-7
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)