Abstract
Water is an essential element for life without which the life cannot sustain on the earth. The earth’s major part is covered with water which carry maximum biodiversity. The humans, animals and plants of the terrestrial ecosystem depend on freshwater sources which are less than 3% of the total water available on the earth while marine water sources have saline water available in oceans, seas and saline lakes. Both these sources are suffering from contamination by different chemicals. The majority of chemical contamination in water is due to human activities. Human population growth is directly proportional to the degradation of the environment which means mismanaged human activities are causing different types of environmental problems. Out of all environmental problems, contamination of water and degradation of water quality is a big problem for the water resources. It is evident that water has high levels of harmful chemicals like heavy metals, pesticides and volatile organic compounds. These chemicals are now getting accumulated in the plants, humans and animals. In humans, these chemicals get deposited in the tissues and are responsible for the different types of life-threatening diseases. The studies on different water sources including poles and glaciers have shown the presence of different harmful chemicals, and even at some places these are found in high concentration. The people from different parts of the world are suffering from various diseases like arsenic poisoning, fluorosis, itai–itai, mercury poisoning, liver failure, nervous system failure and many more. Some of these chemicals are carcinogenic and mutagenic too which is responsible for the different types of cancer and mutation in the body. Therefore, the proper treatment of waste, awareness of people and following the standard guidelines strictly are only the way to reduce the chance of contamination of different water sources by chemicals.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Agrawal A, Pandey R, Sharma B (2010) Water pollution with special reference to pesticide contamination in India. J Water Resour Prot 2(5):432–448. https://doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2010.25050
Alam Sadre, Rai S, Singh GK (2021) A review on pesticides in Yamuna river and its impact on vegetables grown nearby areas. Plant Arch 21 (Supplement 1):1791–1797
Bernardes FF, Pazin M, Pereira Cristina L, Dorta DJ (2015) Impacts of pesticides on environmental and human health: In: Toxicology studies: cell drugs & environment. https://doi.org/10.5772/59710. https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/48406
Cocco P (2002) On the rumors about the silent spring. Review of the scientific evidence linking occupational and environmental pesticide exposure to endocrine disrupting health effects. Cadernos Saúde Pública 18(2):379–402
Daniel PH (2006) Investing in tomorrow’s liquid Gold, 19 April 2006. http://finance.yahoo.com/columnist/article/trenddesk/pp3748
Gupta PK (2007) Toxicity of herbicides. In: Gupta RC (ed) Veterinary toxicology: basic and clinic principles. Elsvier, USA, pp 567–586
Jadon NK, Sharma H, Rai S, Pandey A (2016) Quality and risk assessment of drinking water of Gwalior city, India. Int J Sci Res Growth 1(2):76–81
Järup L (2003) Hazards of heavy metal contamination. Br Med Bull 68(1):167–182
Lambert M, Leven BA, Green RM (2000) Environmental science and technology briefs for citizens. Kanas State University, Manhattan
Madhav S, Misra Ritu (2021) Radioactive pollution in water: A global concern for human health. Down to Earth: https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/water/radioactive-pollution-in-water-a-global-concern-for-human-health-80637
Massad C, Entezami F, Massade L, Benahmed M, Olivennes F, Barouki R, Hamamah S (2002) How can chemical compounds alter human fertility? Eur J Obstetrics Gynecol Reproductive Biol 100(2):127–137
Munkittrick KR, Servos MR, Parrott JL, Martin V, Carey JH, Flett PA, Potashnik G, Porath A (2005) Dibromochloropropane (DBCP): a 17-year reassessment of testicular function and reproductive performance. J Occupational Environ Med 37(11):1287–1292
Straube E, Straube S, Straube W (2003) Hormonal disruption in humans. In: Pimental D, Cook JL, Baumann P, Jackmang JA, Stevenson D (ed) Encyclopedia of pest managaement, College Station
Suruchi, Khanna P (2011) Assessment of heavy metal contamination in different vegetables grown in and around urban areas. Res J Environ Toxicol 5:162–179
Tilwankar V, Rai S, Bajpai SP (2018) A review on contamination profile of heavy metals and their role in the environment. Plant Arch 18(2):1239–1247
Tilwankar V, Rai S, Bajpai SP (2019a) The trend of Heavy metals in soil and vegetables from industrial areas of Bhopal. Indian J Environ Prot 39(4):359–263
Tilwankar V, Rai S, Bajpai SP (2019b) Seasonal profile of heavy metals in the water samples of Bhopal Industrial area. Indian J Environ Prot 39(8):758–762
USEPA (United States of Environmental Protection Agency). About pesticides. U.S. EPA. http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/about/index.htm. 27 Aug 2014
Unsworth (2010) History of pesticides use. International Union of pure and applied chemistry (IUPAC). http://agrochemicals.iupac.org/index.php?option=com_sobi2Task=sobi2Details&catid=3&sobi2ld=31
WHO/FAO (2007) Joint FAO/WHO Food Standard Programme Codex Alimentarius Commission 13th Session. Report of the Thirty-Eight Session of the Codex Committee on Food Hygiene, Houston, United States of America, ALINORM 07/ 30/13
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mallick, R., Rai, S., Dwivedi, K., Shukla, N., Bhardwaj, A., Gupta, S. (2023). Chemicals in the Water: A Serious Concern for the Humans and Aquatic Life. In: Shukla, P., Singh, P., Singh, R.M. (eds) Environmental Processes and Management. Water Science and Technology Library, vol 120. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20208-7_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20208-7_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-20207-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-20208-7
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)