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Pathophysiology-Based Individualized Use of Probiotics and Prebiotics for Metabolic Syndrome: Implementing Predictive, Preventive, and Personalized Medical Approach

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Microbiome in 3P Medicine Strategies

Part of the book series: Advances in Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine ((APPPM,volume 16))

Abstract

The modification the gut microbiota in metabolic syndrome and associated chronic diseases is among leading tasks of microbiome research and needs for clinical use of probiotics. Evidence lack for the implications for microbiome modification to improve metabolic health in particular when applied impersonalized. Probiotics have tremendous potential in personalized nutrition and medicine to develop healthy diets. The aim was to conduct comprehensive overview of recent updates of role of microbiota on human health and development of metabolic syndrome and efficacy of microbiota modulation considering specific properties of probiotic strain and particular aspects of metabolic syndrome and patient’s phenotype to fill the gap between probiotic product and individual to facilitate development of individualized/personalized probiotic and prebiotic treatments. We discuss the relevance of using host phenotype-associated biomarkers, those based on imaging and molecular and patrient’s history, reliable and accessible to facilitate person-specific appication of probiotics and prebiotic substances. Microbiome phenotypes can be parameters of predictive medicine to recognize patient’s predispositions and evaluate treatment responses; the number of phenotype markers can be effectively involved to monitor microbiome modulation. The studied strain-dependent properties of probiotic strains are potentially relevant for individualized treatment for gut and distant sites microbiome modulation. The evidence regarding probiotic strains properties can be taken to account via pathophysiology-based approach for most effective individualized treatment via gut, oral and vaginal and other sites microbiome modulation according to phenotype of the patient providing individualized and personalized medical approaches. Preventive potential of probiotics is strong and well-documented. Recommendations for individualized clinical use of probiotics, and for probiotic studies design have been suggested.

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Abbreviations

MetS:

metabolic syndrome

BMI:

body mass index

WC:

waist circumference

LAB:

lactic acid bacteria

FED:

fat-enriched diet

FRD:

fructose-rich diet

HDL:

high density lipoprotein

IL:

interleukin

LPS:

lipopolysaccharide

PEMs:

peritoneal exudate macrophages

SCFA:

short-chain fatty acid

TNF-α:

tumor necrosis factor-α

DM:

diabetes mellitus

T2DM:

type 2 diabetes mellitus

FBG:

fasting blood glucose

ACE:

angiotensin converting enzyme

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

COX:

cyclooxygenase

ADCF:

adipose-derived contracting factor

ED:

endothelial dysfunction

NO:

nitric oxide

EDN:

endothelin

WAT:

white adipose tissue

BAT:

brown adipose tissue

PVAT:

perivascular adipose tissue

CT:

computed tomography

MRI:

magnetic resonance imaging

US:

ultrasound

SIBO:

small intestinal bacterial overgrowth

NAFLD:

non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

CKD:

chronic kidney disease

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Author Contributions

RVB suggested the idea, did did the literature analysis, prepared discussion, formulated future outlooks, prepared the first draft and performed the second and final article drafting.

MYS did the revision manuscript and data interpretation, did the contribution to the overall development of the studied topic. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Ethics

No human subjects or animals were included to the study. This study has been approved by the ethics committee of institutional review board and Special Academic Council on Doctoral Thesis of D.K. Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (protocol N 7 issued 03.07.2018).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

    Rostyslav Bubnov & Mykola Spivak

  2. Clinical Hospital ‘Pheophania’ of State Affairs Department, Kyiv, Ukraine

    Rostyslav Bubnov

  3. PJSC «SPC Diaproph-Med», Kyiv, Ukraine

    Mykola Spivak

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  1. Rostyslav Bubnov
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  1. Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics and Pharmacology, Uzhhorod National University & Ediens LLC, Uzhhorod, Ukraine

    Nadiya Boyko

  2. 3P Medicine, Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinik Bonn, Bonn, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany

    Olga Golubnitschaja

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Bubnov, R., Spivak, M. (2023). Pathophysiology-Based Individualized Use of Probiotics and Prebiotics for Metabolic Syndrome: Implementing Predictive, Preventive, and Personalized Medical Approach. In: Boyko, N., Golubnitschaja, O. (eds) Microbiome in 3P Medicine Strategies. Advances in Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine, vol 16. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19564-8_6

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