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Impact of Climate Change on Livelihood Security and Biodiversity – Issues and Mitigation Strategies

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Climate Change Impacts on Natural Resources, Ecosystems and Agricultural Systems

Part of the book series: Springer Climate ((SPCL))

Abstract

Climate change is one of the most pressing issues of our day, posing a threat to the lives and livelihoods of billions of people worldwide. Natural disasters, biodiversity loss, and rising temperatures destroy crops, diminish ecosystems, put livelihoods in jeopardy, and accelerate the spread of fatal diseases. Climate change mixes population trends, migration, and greater urbanisation, putting the most vulnerable people at risk. Climate change is the most important impediment to achieving sustainable development through biodiversity conservation, and it threatens to impoverish millions of people. Species distributions have changed to higher altitudes at a median pace of 11.0 m and 16.9 km per decade to higher latitudes as a result of climate change. As a result, under migration scenarios, extinction rates for 1103 species range from 21–23% with unrestricted migration to 38–52% with no migration. When an environmental change happens on a period shorter than the plant’s life, a plastic phenotypic may emerge as a reaction. Phenotypic flexibility, on the other hand, might protect species against the enduring impacts of climate change. Climate change also has an impact on food security, especially in people and areas that rely on rainfed agriculture. Crops and plants have growth and yield limits that must be respected. As a result, agricultural productivity in Africa alone might plummet by more than 30% by 2050. Climate change is already wreaking havoc on people’s lives, especially the impoverished. Because rural people rely on natural resources, their livelihoods are jeopardised by frequent climate change. The impact of climate change on natural resource-based rural livelihoods is anticipated to be uneven and ecosystem resilience will be strengthened as a result of biodiversity conservation, and ecosystems will be better able to deliver critical functions in the face of increasing climate stresses. Moreover, as a consequence of global influence, the warming trend has changed significantly over the years. In addition to ensuring the livelihood security of rural people, a number of adaptation approaches species and ecosystems in a changing climate may be recommended.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, Angul, Odisha, India

    Gyanaranjan Sahoo, Debasis Mishra, Dharitri Patra, Ipsita Mishra & Monalisa Behera

  2. Extension Education, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Gyanaranjan Sahoo & Prasannajit Mishra

  3. Department of Forest Biology and Tree Improvement, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Afaq Majid Wani

  4. Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindhia Krishi Viswa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India

    Amita Sharma

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  1. Gyanaranjan Sahoo
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  3. Afaq Majid Wani
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune, Maharashtra, India

    Chaitanya B. Pande

  2. Department of Earth Science, Banasthali University, Aliyabad, Rajasthan, India

    Kanak N. Moharir

  3. K. Banerjee Centre of Atmospheric and Ocean Studies, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Sudhir Kumar Singh

  4. Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Sosnowiec, Poland

    Quoc Bao Pham

  5. Department of Agricultural Engineering, Mansoura University, Al Manşūrah, Egypt

    Ahmed Elbeltagi

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Sahoo, G. et al. (2023). Impact of Climate Change on Livelihood Security and Biodiversity – Issues and Mitigation Strategies. In: Pande, C.B., Moharir, K.N., Singh, S.K., Pham, Q.B., Elbeltagi, A. (eds) Climate Change Impacts on Natural Resources, Ecosystems and Agricultural Systems. Springer Climate. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19059-9_1

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