Skip to main content

Random Weights Neural Network for Low-Cost Readout of Colorimetric Reactions: Accurate Detection of Antioxidant Levels

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Advances in System-Integrated Intelligence (SYSINT 2022)

Abstract

The introduction of Point Of Care (POC) devices is revolutionizing the field of diagnostics, thanks to their ease of use, portability, and real-time results. However, despite such advantages, POCs are still less accurate than traditional laboratory-based methods. In most cases, this is due to the qualitative on-off response of POCs along with readout procedures involving methods that are easily influenced by the environmental conditions or by the acquisition step of the result. Automation of the readout using machine learning supported by frugal devices and low-cost sensing systems can significantly enhance the quality of the analysis performed by POC devices, while maintaining the aforementioned advantages. This paper proposes the use of random-based neural networks to accurately assess the salivary antioxidant level detected through a colorimetric reaction. As a test case, a low-cost IoT device equipped with a trained neural network that infers the antioxidant level in the user’s saliva was designed and tested. The experiments performed on real-world data confirm that the proposed solution outperforms the previously proposed readout strategy.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Heidt, B., et al.: Point of care diagnostics in resource-limited settings: a review of the present and future of POCc in its most needed environment. Biosensors 10(10), 133 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Wang, C., Liu, M., Wang, Z., Li, S., Deng, Y., He, N.: Point-of-care diagnostics for infectious diseases: from methods to devices. Nano Today 37, 101092 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Pedone, D., Moglianetti, M., Lettieri, M., Marrazza, G., Pompa, P.P.: Platinum nanozyme-enabled colorimetric determination of total antioxidant level in saliva. Analyt. Chem. 92(13), 8660–8664 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Papadakis, G., et al.: Portable real-time colorimetric lamp-device for rapid quantitative detection of nucleic acids in crude samples. Sci. Rep. 12(1), 1–15 (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Mastronardi, V., Moglianetti, M., Ragusa, E., Zunino, R., Pompa, P.P.: From a chemotherapeutic drug to a high-performance nanocatalyst: a fast colorimetric test for cisplatin detection at ppb level. Biosensors 12(6), 375 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Pomili, T., Donati, P., Pompa, P.P.: Based multiplexed colorimetric device for the simultaneous detection of salivary biomarkers. Biosensors 11(11), 443 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Tatulli, G., Pompa, P.P.: An amplification-free colorimetric test for sensitive DNA detection based on the capturing of gold nanoparticle clusters. Nanoscale 12(29), 15604–15610 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Cai, F., Lu, W., Shi, W., He, S.: A mobile device-based imaging spectrometer for environmental monitoring by attaching a lightweight small module to a commercial digital camera. Sci. Rep. 7(1), 1–9 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Yao, X., Cai, F., Zhu, P., Fang, H., Li, J., He, S.: Non-invasive and rapid PH monitoring for meat quality assessment using a low-cost portable hyperspectral scanner. Meat Sci. 152, 73–80 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Mayer, M., Baeumner, A.J.: A megatrend challenging analytical chemistry: biosensor and chemosensor concepts ready for the internet of things. Chem. Rev. 119(13), 7996–8027 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Yang, T., Gentile, M., Shen, C.-F., Cheng, C.-M.: Combining point-of-care diagnostics and internet of medical things (IOMT) to combat the covid-19 pandemic (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Alonso, O., et al.: An internet of things-based intensity and time-resolved fluorescence reader for point-of-care testing. Biosens. Bioelectron. 154, 112074 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  13. John-Herpin, A., Kavungal, D., von Mücke, L., Altug, H.: Infrared metasurface augmented by deep learning for monitoring dynamics between all major classes of biomolecules. Adv. Mater. 33(14), 2006054 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Gadalla, A.A., Friberg, I.M., Kift-Morgan, A., Zhang, J., Eberl, M., Topley, N., Weeks, I., Cuff, S., Wootton, M., Gal, M., et al.: Identification of clinical and urine biomarkers for uncomplicated urinary tract infection using machine learning algorithms. Sci. Rep. 9(1), 1–11 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Ballard, Z.S., Shir, D., Bhardwaj, A., Bazargan, S., Sathianathan, S., Ozcan, A.: Computational sensing using low-cost and mobile plasmonic readers designed by machine learning. ACS Nano 11(2), 2266–2274 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Ballard, Z.S., et al.: Deep learning-enabled point-of-care sensing using multiplexed paper-based sensors. NPJ Digit. Med. 3(1), 1–8 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Lee, J., et al.: Machine learning promoting extreme simplification of spectroscopy equipment, arXiv preprint arXiv:1808.03679 (2019)

  18. Luo, Y., Joung, H.-A., Esparza, S., Rao, J., Garner, O., Ozcan, A.: Quantitative particle agglutination assay for point-of-care testing using mobile holographic imaging and deep learning. Lab Chip 21(18), 3550–3558 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Chen L., Chen, X., Li, X., Fu, X., Zhang, R., Wang, T.: Determine the aging status of silicone rubber insulators base on smartphone hyperspectral cameras. In: 2021 International Conference on Power System Technology (POWERCON), pp. 2399–2403. IEEE (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Cao, W., Wang, X., Ming, Z., Gao, J.: A review on neural networks with random weights. Neurocomputing 275, 278–287 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Dudek, G.: A constructive approach to data-driven randomized learning for feedforward neural networks. Appl. Soft Comput. 112, 107797 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Dudek, G.: Data-driven randomized learning of feedforward neural networks. In: 2020 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), pp. 1–8. IEEE (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Ragusa, E., Gastaldo, P., Zunino, R., Cambria, E.: Balancing computational complexity and generalization ability: a novel design for ELM. Neurocomputing 401, 405–417 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Ragusa, E., Gianoglio, C., Zunino, R., Gastaldo, P.: A design strategy for the efficient implementation of random basis neural networks on resource-constrained devices. Neural Process. Lett. 51(2), 1611–1629 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Ragusa, E., Gianoglio, C., Zunino, R., Gastaldo, P.: Random-based networks with dropout for embedded systems. Neural Comput. Appl. 33(12), 6511–6526 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-020-05414-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Soda, Y., Robinson, K.J., Cherubini, T.J., Bakker, E.: Colorimetric absorbance mapping and quantitation on paper-based analytical devices. Lab Chip 20(8), 1441–1448 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Edoardo Ragusa .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Ragusa, E. et al. (2023). Random Weights Neural Network for Low-Cost Readout of Colorimetric Reactions: Accurate Detection of Antioxidant Levels. In: Valle, M., et al. Advances in System-Integrated Intelligence. SYSINT 2022. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 546. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16281-7_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16281-7_10

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-16280-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-16281-7

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics