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Monitoring Shoreline Changes in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta Coastal Zone Using Satellite Images and Wave Reduction Structures

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European Spatial Data for Coastal and Marine Remote Sensing

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Abstract

This study aimed to assess the current state of the shoreline and the effects of erosion on the shoreline in Vinh Chau Town, Soc Trang Province, Vietnam. Satellite image overlays were used to quantify the variation in the shoreline as a result of erosion caused by changes in wave action. In addition, the wave measurements were implemented at three representative shoreline protection sections (sea dike, mangrove forest belt, and the breakwater) to evaluate the wave height reduction at the shoreline. The results showed that erosion affected approximately 23 km (32%) of 72 km coastline of the study area. The erosion penetrates the land area from −16.9 to −3.0 m/year (Landsat images) and −11.68 to −7.95 m/year (Google Earth images); the coastline recession increases every year, leading to the gradual loss of mangrove forests and also farmland. The wave measurement shows the effectiveness in wave height reduction of the mangrove forest and the constructed breakwater to protect the sea dike. Wave height reduces more than 50% when passing through the mangrove forest belt, corresponding to a maximum height (Hmax) of 62.3%, 1/10 Hmax at 55.3%, and 1/3 Hmax at 54%. For the constructed breakwater, the wave reduction efficiencies recorded due to Hmean are 72.18% and 1/10 Hmax are 73.16% and reach 72.47% with 1/3 Hmax. The results are based on wave measurement over a short time period; thus, it is not possible to conclude about the wave reduction efficiency of the current measures in the long term. It is necessary to monitor continuously and with different wind seasons to have a more accurate assessment of wave reduction efficiency.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Erasmus+ INOWASIA project for the fund support to present these study results to the EUCOMARE 2021 Conference.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam

    Tran Van Ty, Dinh Van Duy & Huynh Thi Cam Hong

  2. Department of Water Resources, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam

    Nguyen Dinh Giang Nam, Huynh Vuong Thu Minh, Lam Van Thinh & Nguyen Vo Chau Ngan

  3. Institute of Climate Change, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam

    Nguyen Hieu Trung

Authors
  1. Tran Van Ty
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  2. Dinh Van Duy
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  3. Huynh Thi Cam Hong
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  4. Nguyen Dinh Giang Nam
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  5. Huynh Vuong Thu Minh
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  6. Lam Van Thinh
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  7. Nguyen Vo Chau Ngan
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  8. Nguyen Hieu Trung
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nguyen Vo Chau Ngan .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory LETG-Brest, UMR 6554 CNRS, University of Western Brittany, Plouzané, France

    Simona Niculescu

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Van Ty, T. et al. (2023). Monitoring Shoreline Changes in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta Coastal Zone Using Satellite Images and Wave Reduction Structures. In: Niculescu, S. (eds) European Spatial Data for Coastal and Marine Remote Sensing. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16213-8_10

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