Skip to main content

Youth, Alcohol and the Forging of Community

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Rap Music and the Youth in Malawi

Part of the book series: Pop Music, Culture and Identity ((PMCI))

  • 57 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter stems from discussions on the abuse of alcohol by the youth in Malawi. An interesting development is how hip-hop music takes on the discourse surrounding abuse of alcohol by the youth. Specifically, this chapter examines the glorification of alcohol that is prevalent in the emerging genre of hip-hop music on the Malawian scene. Drawing from the notion of the public sphere popularised by theorist Jurgen Habermas, the chapter advances the central argument that the young musicians forge an identity around alcohol and drug abuse as an escape mode into a fantasy world that elides the realities of poverty and lack of opportunities in the African nation.

A different version of this chapter was first published in the Nordic Journal of African Studies (vol. 29, no. 3, 2020).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    Hennessy is a French cognac, often associated with the upper class. In recent years, however, it has come to be a status symbol among Black American rappers. Heineken is a Dutch lager, which is imported into Malawi from South Africa. As an imported beer, it too has gained a high status amongst the youth.

  2. 2.

    The popularity of this theme of not buying beer can be seen in the fact that in the early 2000s, another Malawian artist, Albert Khoza, released a song with the very same name. One may also connect this theme to the popular tradition of singing about alcohol, as in the mitungu songs of northern Malawi (Banda 2013).

References

  • Andrade, Susan. 2007. Rioting Women and Writing Women: Gender, Class, and the Public Sphere in Africa. In Africa After Gender? ed. Catherine M. Cole, Takyiwaa Manuh, and Stephan F. Miescher, 85–107. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Astrol. 2017. Midori. Cine City Media, 29 October. https://youtu.be/imlvZMOrHig.

  • Banda, Tito. 2013. Overlooked and Sublime: The Case of Mitungu Dance Songs of Northern Malawi. Critical Arts: South-North Cultural and Media Studies 27 (4): 418–438.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barber, Karin. 1987. Popular Arts in Africa. African Studies Review 30 (3): 1–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Charisma. 2017. Sagula Mowa. 6 November. https://m.malawi-music.com/song.php?id=7861.

  • Diouf, Mamadou. 2003. Engaging Postcolonial Cultures: African Youth and Public Space. African Studies Review 46 (2): 1–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ekeh, Peter. 1975. Colonialism and the Two Publics in Africa: A Theoretical Statement. Comparative Studies in Society and History 17 (1): 91–112.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fenn, John, and Alex Perullo. 2000. Language Choice and Hip Hop in Tanzania and Malawi. Popular Music and Society 24 (3): 73–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, Nancy. 1992. Rethinking the Public Sphere: A Contribution to the Critique of Actually Existing Democracy. In Habermas and the Public Sphere, ed. Craig Calhoun, 109–142. Cambridge: The MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garcia, Marito, and Jean Fares. 2008. Transitions to Working Life for Africa's Youth. In Youth in Africa's Labor Market, ed. Marito Garcia and Jean Fares, 15–25. Washington: The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank.

    Google Scholar 

  • Habermas, Jürgen. [1962] 1991. The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society. Translated by Thomas Burger. Cambridge: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoel, Erik, Gloria Azalde, Alister C. Munthali, Arne Henning, Henrik Eide Natvig, and Stine Hellum Braathen. 2014. Context and Consequences of Liquor Sachets Use Among Young People in Malawi. African Journal of Drug and Alcohol Studies 13 (2): 97–106.

    Google Scholar 

  • Honwana, Alcinda M. 2012. The Time of Youth: Work, Social Change and Politics in Africa. Sterling: Kumarian Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jung, Carl G. [1943] 1966. Two Essays on Analytical Psychology. Translated by R. F. C. Hull. Vol. 7. New York: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • K2B Block. 2016. K2B Block—Malonda (Prod by Kd-z). 21 February. Accessed August 30, 2021. https://www.malawi-music.com/K/404-k2b-block/1447-malonda/3834-malonda-prod-by-kd-z.

  • Kalua, Fetson. 2014. Reading the Changing Face of Identity in Malawian Music. Muziki: Journal of Music Research in Africa 11 (1): 43–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kamanga, Chimwemwe. 2014. Who Speaks Chibrazi, the Urban Contact Vernacular of Malawi? Studies in the Languages of Africa 45 (2): 257–275.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kyc Nyimbo. 2017. Machesi (Official Video). 6 September. Accessed August 13, 2021. youtu.be/liz83KFmP5s.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mafo. 2018. Mowa. Hits 2014–2017 (LP). Malawi-Music.com, 5 February.

  • Mandala, Ruth Veida. 2017. The Making of Urban Youth Culture in Malawi: A History of Dress, Music and Dance in Blantyre City, 1952–2012. MA Thesis, University of Malawi, Chancellor College.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayar Noel. 2014. Ali ndi Bawa. 21 January. https://youtu.be/UVgCqud2NMI.

  • McBrams, Jack. 2018. Beyond Chavura’s Rape. The Nation. https://mwnation.com/beyond-chavuras-rape/.

  • Mchakulu, Japhet Ezra July, 2018. Mediating an Alternative Public Sphere: Malawian Readers Attitudes and Perceptions towards a Tabloid. Cogent Social Sciences 4 (1452841). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2018.1452841.

  • Motley, Carol M., and Geraldine Rosa Henderson. 2007. The Global Hip-Hop: Understanding the Culture. Journal of Business Research 61 (3): 1–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moto, Francis. 2001. Language and Societal Attitudes: A Study of Malawi’s ‘New Language’. Nordic Journal of African Studies 10 (3): 320–343.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mwangi, Evan. 2007. Sex, Music, and the City in a Globalized East Africa. PMLA 122 (1, Special Topic: Cities): 321–342.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nassenstein, Nico, and Andrea Hollington. 2016. Global Repertoires and Urban Fluidity: Youth Languages in Africa. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 242: 171–193.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nassenstein, Nico, Andrea Hollington, and Anne Storch. 2018. Disinventing and Demystifying Youth Language: Critical Perspectives. The Mouth: Critical Studies on Language, Culture and Society 3: 9–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Newell, Stephanie, and Onookome Okome. 2014. Introduction: Popular Culture in Africa: The Episteme of the Everyday. In Popular Culture in Africa: The Episteme of the Everyday, ed. Stephanie Newell and Onookome Okome, 1–26. New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nilan, Pam, and Carles Feixa. 2006. Introduction: Youth Hybridity and Plural Worlds. In Global Youth? Hybrid Identities, Plural Words, ed. Pam Nilan and Carles Feixa, 1–13. London and New York: Routledge.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Ntarangwi, Mwenda. 2009. East African Hip Hop: Youth Culture and Globalization. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Osumare, Halifu. 2007. The Africanist Aesthetic in Global Hip-Hop: Power Moves. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2012. The Hiplife in Ghana: West African Indigenization of Hip-Hop. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • P4ce and Ace Oji. 2017. Midori. http://www.malawi-music.com/P/1928-p4ce-ace-oji/3543-single/7656-midori-ft-dette-flo.

  • Rogerson, C.M., and D.M. Hart. 1986. Johannesburg, The Survival of the ‘Informal Sector’: The Shebeens of Black. GeoJournal 12 (2): 153–166.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seebode, Jochen. 2012. Popular Music and Young Male Audiences in Contemporary Malawi. In Hip Hop Africa: New African Music in a Globalizing World, ed. Eric Charry, 234–257. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Slessor. 2015. Pa Chiwaya. https://youtu.be/Rh78_S5aTLY.

  • ———. 2017. Ku Shabini. 28 July. https://youtu.be/SHNVHbXlxwc.

  • Toast. 2017. Ghetto Hennessy (Midori Gang). 28 July. https://youtu.be/5EbE-gsFjSE.

  • Tonik. 2016. Mkalabongo. http://www.malawi-music.com/T/1215-tonik/2046-singles/5005-mkalabongo-ft-st-clemo-and-j-o.

  • Willems, W. 2012. Interrogating Public Sphere and Popular Culture as Theoretical Concepts on their Value in African Studies. Africa Development 37 (1): 11–26.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ken Lipenga Jr. .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Lipenga, K. (2023). Youth, Alcohol and the Forging of Community. In: Rap Music and the Youth in Malawi. Pop Music, Culture and Identity. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15251-1_5

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics