Abstract
Actinic keratoses (AKs) are precancerous skin lesions that result from chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. AKs present as non-infiltrated keratotic or scaly erythematous plaques or papules that can appear isolated, or grouped into multiple elements with chronic actinic damage in surrounding areas (known as “field cancerization”). The diagnosis of AKs is generally clinical and based on visual inspection and touch, but sometimes it requires a biopsy test for confirmation. If not treated, AKs can lead to an invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Treatments for AKs can be divided into two large groups: ablative methods (cryotherapy, curettage, excision, electrosurgery, and ablative lasers) and medical treatments (topical 5-fluorouracil, Imiquimod, topical diclofenac, photodynamic therapy, and daylight photodynamic therapy). Photoprotection is essential and related advice should be provided to all patients.
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Sendín-Martín, M., Sánchez, J.CM. (2023). Actinic Keratosis. In: Katsambas, A.D., Lotti, T.M., Dessinioti, C., D'Erme, A.M. (eds) European Handbook of Dermatological Treatments. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15130-9_2
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