A Review on Renewable Energy Sources, Potential and Policy in India

Abstract

In this paper, an extensive review on Renewable Energy Sources (RES), their potential, and policy for optimal usage in the context of India has been highlighted. The various RES, their locations, policies, and programs have been addressed. Further investigations on future RES plans in India have also been discussed. Energy is the prime factor for a nation’s socio-economic growth and development. India is a socio-economic developing country and its population is increasing very fast, so the energy demand is always increasing. Due to the bounded conditions of conventional energy sources, the RES can play a significant part in accomplishing the requirement of energy. The RES is an ecofriendly and sustainable kind of energy source which is generated directly from natural resources and has a huge potential to offer solutions to the exposed vital tasks being tackled by rising nations such as India. In the Indian context, the RES, like solar, wind, geothermal, ocean, biomass, and fuel cell, can resolve the crises or electricity requirement in remote or islanded zone. Our country is considering careful growth of RE techniques in order to reduce CO₂ emission, to provide clean air, healthy environment, and hence securing a more sustainable future. The Indian government has launched numerous schemes and programs for optimal usage of RES to realize the energy security and autonomy. The various sources of renewable energy, potential, and strategy for upgrade executed by the Indian government are also deliberated in detail. The research exposes that India has a huge potential for RES. The Indian government has set up several plans and implemented schemes for electricity through RES. The notable portion of this review paper is the policy adopted by the Indian government which is attentive to the positioning and growth of the RES segment with tactical strategy and program.