Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Sleep and Functional Illness

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Functional Illness of the Head and Neck

  • 477 Accesses

Abstract

Over the past several decades, the medical community has increasingly recognized sleep as a complex, dynamic state that is critically important to an individual’s psychological and physiological health. Sleep disturbances related to functional illness are widespread throughout the general population; in particular, patients experiencing disorders such as chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia often complain of symptoms such as insomnia, daytime sleepiness, unrefreshing sleep, and tiredness. Primary care providers and sleep medicine specialists also commonly encounter patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and may consider referral for surgery as treatment options become more extensive and individualized. Referring providers and otolaryngologists must understand how sleep complaints related to functional illnesses act in concert with OSA when considering sleep surgery. Patients undergoing procedures to alleviate OSA may continue to experience residual excessive daytime sleepiness, fatigue, and low energy even after an objectively successful surgical procedure. Providers must work within a multidisciplinary team, including behavioral health, rheumatology, sleep medicine/surgery, and primary care, to address symptoms of both functional illness as well as sleep disorders in order to optimize a patient’s overall health status.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Mariman A, Delesie L, Tobback E, Hanoulle I, Sermijn E, Vermeir P, Pevernagie D, Vogelaers D. Undiagnosed and comorbid disorders in patients with presumed chronic fatigue syndrome. J Psychosom Res. 2013;75:491–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Marvisi M, Balzarini L, Mancini C, Ramponi S, Marvisi C. Fibromyalgia is frequent in obstructive sleep apnea and responds to CPAP therapy. Eur J Intern Med. 2015;26:49–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Ferini-Strambi L, Galbiati A, Combi R. Sleep disorder-related headaches. Neurol Sci. 2019;40:107–13.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Irwin MR. Why sleep is important for health: a psychoneuroimmunology perspective. Annu Rev Psychol. 2015;66:143–72.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Patel SR, Malhotra A, Gao X, Hu FB, Neuman MI, Fawzi WW. A prospective study of sleep duration and pneumonia risk in women. Sleep. 2012;35:97–101.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. Cohen S, Doyle WJ, Alper CM, Janicki-Deverts D, Turner RB. Sleep Habits and Susceptibility to the Common Cold. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169:62.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Vgontzas AN, Fernandez-Mendoza J, Liao D, Bixler EO. Insomnia with objective short sleep duration: the most biologically severe phenotype of the disorder. Sleep Med Rev. 2013;17:241–54.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Lee E, Cho HJ, Olmstead R, Levin MJ, Oxman MN, Irwin MR. Persistent sleep disturbance: a risk factor for recurrent depression in community-dwelling older adults. Sleep. 2013;36:1685–91.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Jason LA, Evans M, Brown M, Porter N. What is fatigue? Pathological and nonpathological fatigue. PM R. 2010;2:327–31.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Jason LA, Jordan KM, Richman JA, et al. A community-based study of prolonged fatigue and chronic fatigue. J Health Psychol. 1999;4:9–26.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Kim SA, Koo BB, Kim DE, Hwangbo Y, Yang KI. Factors affecting fatigue severity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Clin Respir J. 2017;11:1045–51.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Bardwell WA, Moore P, Ancoli-Israel S, Dimsdale JE. Fatigue in obstructive sleep apnea: driven by depressive symptoms instead of apnea severity? Am J Psychiatry. 2003;160:350–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Friedberg F. Chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, and related illnesses: a clinical model of assessment and intervention. J Clin Psychol. 2010;66(6):641–65.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Yancey JR, Thomas SM. Chronic fatigue syndrome: diagnosis and treatment. Am Fam Physician. 2012;86:741–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Rains JC, Penzien DB. Sleep and chronic pain: challenges to the alpha-EEG sleep pattern as a pain specific sleep anomaly. J Psychosom Res. 2003;54:77–83.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Wolfe F, Smythe HA, Yunus MB. The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia. Arthritis Rheum. 1990;33(2):160–72.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Hadler NM. “Fibromyalgia” and the medicalization of misery. J Rheumatol. 2003;30:1668–70.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Choy EHS. The role of sleep in pain and fibromyalgia. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2015;11:513–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Moldofsky H. Fibromyalgia, sleep disorder and chronic fatigue syndrome. CIBA Found Symp. 1993;173:262–71.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Ong JC, Park M. Chronic headaches and insomnia: working toward a biobehavioral model. Cephalalgia. 2012;32:1059–70.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. de Tommaso M, Sardaro M, Serpino C, Costantini F, Vecchio E, Prudenzano MP, Lamberti P, Livrea P. Fibromyalgia comorbidity in primary headaches. Cephalalgia. 2009;29:453–64.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Ravindran MK, Zheng Y, Timbol C, Merck SJ, Baraniuk JN. Migraine headaches in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS): comparison of two prospective cross-sectional studies. BMC Neurol. 2011;11:30.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  23. Johnson KG, Ziemba AM, Garb JL. Improvement in headaches with continuous positive airway pressure for obstructive sleep apnea: a retrospective analysis. Headache. 2013;53:333–43.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Senaratna CV, Perret JL, Lodge CJ, Lowe AJ, Campbell BE, Matheson MC, Hamilton GS, Dharmage SC. Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in the general population: a systematic review. Sleep Med Rev. 2017;34:70–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Chervin RD. Sleepiness, fatigue, tiredness, and lack of energy in obstructive sleep apnea. Chest. 2000;118:372–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. American Sleep Disorders Association. The international classification of sleep disorders. Psychol Med. 2001;21(4):1079.

    Google Scholar 

  27. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. International classification of sleep disorders. Diagnostic and coding manual. Westchester, IL: American Academy of Sleep Medicine; 2005. p. 51–5.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Pagel JF, Parnes BL. Medications for the treatment of sleep disorders: an overview. Prim care companion. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001;3:118–25.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. do Amaral FG, Cipolla-Neto J. A brief review about melatonin, a pineal hormone. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2018;62:472–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Farney RJ, Walker JM, Cloward TV, Rhondeau S. Sleep-disordered breathing associated with long-term opioid therapy. Chest. 2003;123:632–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Fujita S, Conway W, Zorick F, Roth T. Surgical correction of anatomic abnormalities in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1981;89:923–34.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Woodson BT, Strohl KP, Soose RJ, et al. Upper airway stimulation for obstructive sleep apnea: 5-year outcomes. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018;159:194–202.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Robinson S, Chia M, Carney AS, Chawla S, Harris P, Esterman A. Upper airway reconstructive surgery long-term quality-of-life outcomes compared with CPAP for adult obstructive sleep apnea. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2009;141:257–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Chapman JL, Serinel Y, Marshall NS, Grunstein RR. Residual daytime sleepiness in obstructive sleep apnea after continuous positive airway pressure optimization: causes and management. Sleep Med Clin. 2016;11:353–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Launois SH, Tamisier R, Lévy P, Pépin J-L. On treatment but still sleepy: cause and management of residual sleepiness in obstructive sleep apnea. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2013;19:601–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Adam W, Aleksandra W, Małgorzata W, Wojciech J. Effects of antidepressants on sleep. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2017;19:11920–017.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA

    Reena Dhanda Patil

  2. Cincinnati VA Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA

    Reena Dhanda Patil

Authors
  1. Reena Dhanda Patil
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Otolaryngology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Brian W. Blakley

  2. Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Joan E. Blakley

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Patil, R.D. (2023). Sleep and Functional Illness. In: Blakley, B.W., Blakley, J.E. (eds) Functional Illness of the Head and Neck. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12998-8_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12998-8_17

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-12997-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-12998-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation