Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Colombian Amazon: A Historical Review

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Mycorrhizal Fungi in South America

Part of the book series: Fungal Biology ((FUNGBIO))

Abstract

Mycorrhizal associations are poorly studied in tropical environments, including the Amazon region. This chapter discusses advances and limitations with a historical perspective on arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) associations in the Colombian Amazon, based on the analysis of more than 1200 samples collected during the last decade. This data provides insights into the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity and richness trends across the Colombian Amazon, including their relationship with the ongoing deforestation activities. This chapter also addresses particular information about the arbuscular mycorrhization of two important plant species from the Euphorbiaceae: the manioc (Manihot esculenta) and the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). These species were analyzed more in depth given their relevance to the local economy, raising new questions about the arbuscular mycorrhization of phylogenetically related plant species. Overall, the data and molecular analyses performed in the last decade clearly indicate a fast evolution in the recommended and available molecular approaches. In turn, this has generated serious limitations on the comparison among samples due to the different use of primers and sequencing methods. Undoubtedly, this chapter presents the most complete overview of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi described in the Colombian Amazon region, an extension of 483.164 km2 of the upper Amazon basin.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Amigó I (2020) When will the Amazon hit a tipping point? Nature 578(7796):505–507

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barraclough AD, Olsson PA (2018) Slash-and-burn practices decrease arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi abundance in soil and the roots of Didierea madagascariensis in the dry tropical forest of Madagascar. Fire 1(3):37

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blaszkowski J et al (2021) New Glomeromycotan taxa, Dominikia glomerocarpica sp. nov. and Epigeocarpum crypticum gen. nov. et sp. nov. from Brazil, and Silvaspora gen. nov. from New Caledonia. Front Microbiol 23(12):655910

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brundrett MC, Tedersoo L (2018) Evolutionary history of mycorrhizal symbioses and global host plant diversity. New Phytol 220:1108–1115

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Caproni AL, Granha JRDDO, Fornaciari AJ, Nobre CP, Mendonça LP, Berbara RLL (2018) Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in an Amazon Environment after Mining. Floresta e Ambiente 25(3):1–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Clement CR (1999) 1942 and the loss of Amazonian crop genetic resources. I. The relation between domestication and human population decline. Econ Bot 53(2):188–202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davison EA et al (2012) The Amazon basin in transition. Nature 481:321–328

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davison J et al (2015) Global assessment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus diversity reveals very low endemism. Science 349(6251):970–973

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Davison J et al (2021) Temperature and pH define the realised niche space of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. New Phytol 231(2):763–776

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • de Oliveira Freitas R et al (2014) Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities along a pedo-hydrological gradient in a central Amazonian terra firme forest. Mycorrhiza 24:21–32

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dumbrell AJ et al (2010) Idiosyncrasy and overdominance in the structure of natural communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: is there a role for stochastic processes? J Ecol 98:419–428

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dumbrell AJ et al (2011) Distinct seasonal assemblages of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi revealed by massively parallel pyrosequencing. New Phytol 190:794–804

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fitter AH et al (2004) Global environmental change and the biology of arbuscular mycorrhizas: gaps and challenges. Can J Bot 82:1133–1139

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frew A et al (2022) Plant herbivore protection by arbuscular mycorrhizas: a role of fungal diversity? New Phytol 233(3):1022–1031

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • García de León D et al (2017) Soybean cultivation supports diverse arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community in central Argentina. Appl Soil Ecol 124:289–297

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Helgason T et al (2007) Specificity and resilience in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of a natural woodland community. J Ecol 95(4):623–630

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • IGAC (1979) La Amazonia colombiana y sus recursos. Proyecto radarggravimétrico del Amazonas PRORADAM. Instituto Geográfico Agustin Codazzi IGAC, Bogotá

    Google Scholar 

  • Jansa J et al (2002) Diversity and structure of AMF communities as affected by tillage in a temperate soil. Mycorrhiza 12:225–234

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kivlin SN, Hawkes CV, Treseder KK (2011) Global diversity and distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Soil Biol Biochem 43:2294–2303

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klironomos JN, Hart M (2002) Colonization of roots by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi using different sources of inoculum. Mycorrhiza 12:181–184

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kohout P et al (2014) Comparison of commonly used primer sets for evaluating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities: is there a universal solution? Soil Biol Biochem 68:482–493

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kolarikova Z et al (2021) PacBio sequencing of Glomeromycota rDNA: a novel amplicon covering all widely used ribosomal barcoding regions and its applicability in taxonomy and ecology of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. New Phytol 231:490–499. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17372

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee J, Lee S, Young JPW (2008) Improved PCR primers for the detection and identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 65:339–349

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lekberg Y et al (2018) More bang for the buck? Can arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities be characterized adequately alongside other fungi using general fungal primers? New Phytol 220:971–976

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • León D (2006) Evaluación y caracterización de micorrizas arbusculares asociadas a yuca (Manihot esculenta) en dos regiones de la Amazonia colombiana. Department of Microbiology, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana

    Google Scholar 

  • León D (2015) Comunidades nativas de hongos formadores de micorrizas arbusculares asociadas a yuca silvestre en la Amazonia colombiana en época seca y lluviosa bajo dos tipos de paisaje (denudación y llanura aluvial). Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana

    Google Scholar 

  • Lopes Leal P, Stürmer SL, Siqueira JO (2009) Occurrence and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in trap cultures from soils under different land use systems in the Amazon, Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 40:111–121

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lopes Leal P, Siqueira JO, Stürmer SL (2013) Switch of tropical Amazon forest to pasture affects taxonomic composition but not species abundance and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities. Appl Soil Ecol 71:72–80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Malhi Y et al (2008) Climate change, deforestation, and the fate of the Amazon. Science 319:169–172

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marin C, Bueno CG (2019) A systematic review of South America and European mycorrhizal research: is there a need of scientific symbiosis? In: Pagano M, Lugo M (eds) Mycorrhizal fungi in South America. Springer, Cham

    Google Scholar 

  • Marinho F et al (2018) Checklist of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in tropical forests. Sydowia 70:107–127

    Google Scholar 

  • Matschullat J et al (2020) What influences upland soil chemistry in the Amazon basin, Brazil? Major, minor and trace elements in the upper rhizosphere. J Geochem Explor 211:106433

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nilsson RH et al (2006) Taxonomic reliability of DNA sequences in public sequences databases: a fungal perspective. PLoS One 1:e59

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Oehl F, de Souza FA, Sieverding E (2008) Revision of Scutellospora and description of five new genera and three new families in the arbuscular mycorrhiza-forming Glomeromycetes. Mycotaxon 106:311–360

    Google Scholar 

  • Oehl F et al (2011a) Advances in Glomeromycota taxonomy and classification. IMA Fugus 2:191–199

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oehl F et al (2011b) Glomeromycota: three new genera and glomoid species reorganized. Mycotaxon 116:75–120

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Öpik M, Davison J (2016) Uniting species- and community-oriented approaches to understand arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity. Fungal Ecol 24:106–113

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Öpik M et al (2006) Composition of root-colonizing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in different ecosystems around the globe. J Ecol 94(4):778–790

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Öpik M et al (2009) Large-scale parallel 454 sequencing reveals host ecological group specificity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a boreonemoral forest. New Phytol 184(2):424–437

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Öpik M et al (2010) The online database MaarjAM reveals global and ecosystemic distribution patterns in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota). New Phytol 188(1):223–241

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Öpik M et al (2014) DNA-based detection and identification of Glomeromycota: the virtual taxonomy of environmental sequences. Botany 92:135–147

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paz C et al (2020) Dispersal of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: evidence and insights for ecological studies. Microb Ecol 81:283–292

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Peña-Venegas CP (2001) Dinámica de la comunidad micorriza arbuscular en bosques de la Amazonia sur de Colombia. Suelos Ecuatoriales 31:103–107

    Google Scholar 

  • Peña-Venegas CP, Vasco-Palacios AM (2019) Endo- and ectomycorrhizas in tropical ecosystems of Colombia. In: Pagano MC, Lugo MA (eds) Mycorrhizal fungi in South America. Springer, Cham

    Google Scholar 

  • Peña-Venegas CP et al (2006) Micorrizas arbusculares de la Amazonia colombiana: catálogo ilustrado. Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas Sinchi, Bogotá

    Google Scholar 

  • Peña-Venegas CP et al (2019) Distinct arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities associate with different manioc landraces and Amazonian soils. Mycorrhiza 29:263–275

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Peña-Venegas CP, Sterling A, Andrade-Ramírez TK (2021) Arbuscular mycorrhization in Colombian and introduced rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) genotypes cultivted on degraded soils of the Amazon region. Agriculture 11(4):361. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11040361

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perez-Lamarque B et al (2020) Cheating in arbuscular mycorrhizal mutualism: a network and phylogenic analysis of mycoheterotrophy. New Phytol 226:1822–1835

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pinto VJ (1988) Evaluación de la ocurrencia de la simbiosis micorrizal en plantas de inchi (Caryodendron orinocense Kast) de diferentes edades en San José del Guaviare. Faculty of Sciences, Universidd Distrital Francisco José de Caldas

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinto JB (1992) Evaluación de poblaciones micorrizales en suelos degradados y de bosque maduro en Araracuara-Amazonas. Corporación Araracuara-COA

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinto VJ, Pedraza J (1988) Cambios estacionales d ela población micorrizal relacionada con las características climáticas y edáficas en suelos donde crece el inchi (Caryodendron orinocense Kast) en San José del Guaviare. Suelos Ecuatoriales 18:226–239

    Google Scholar 

  • Qie W et al (2019) Global events of the Late Paleozoic (Early Devonian to Middle Permian): a review. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol 531:109259

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raza K, Ahmad S (2016) Principle, analysis, application and challenges of next-generation sequencing: a review. arXiv: Genomics

    Google Scholar 

  • Redecker D (2000) Specific PCR primers to identify arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi within colonized roots. Mycorrhiza 10:73–80

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Redecker D, Hijri I, Wiemken A (2003) Molecular identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in roots: perspectives and problems. Folia Geobot 38:113–124

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Restrepo JF (2006) Comparación de la diversidad y abundancia de micorrizas arbusculares en diferentes ecosistemas naturales en el parque nacional natural Amacaycu, Amazonas, Colombia. Department of Biology, Universidad de Antioquia

    Google Scholar 

  • Reyes HA et al (2018) Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi along secondary forest succession at the eastern periphery of Amazonia: seasonal variability and impacts of soil fertility. Appl Soil Ecol 136:1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ryan MH, Graham JH (2018) Little evidence that farmers should consider abundance or diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi when managing crops. New Phytol 220:1092–1107

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Saks Ü et al (2014) Root-colonizing and soil-borne communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a temperate forest understorey. Botany 92:277–285

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sanders I (2004) Plant and arbuscular mycorrhizal diversity – are we looking at the relevant levels of diversity and are we using the right techniques? New Phytol 164:415–418

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schenck NC, Perez Y (1990) Manual for the identification of VA mycorrhizal fungi. Synergistic Publications, Gainsville

    Google Scholar 

  • Schultes RE (1979) The Amazonia as a source of new economic plants. Econ Bot 33(3):259–266

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schüßler A, Schwarzott D, Walker C (2001) A new fungal phylum, the Glomeromycota: phylogeny and evolution. Mycol Res 105(12):1413–1421

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sepp S-K et al (2019) Non-random association patterns in plant-mycorrhizal network reveal host-symbiont specificity. Mol Ecol 28:365–378

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • SIAT-AC (2020) Sistema de Información Ambiental Territorial de la Amazonia colombiana – SIAT-AC, vol 2021. Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas Sinchi, Bogotá

    Google Scholar 

  • Sieverding E (1991) Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza management in tropical agrosystems. In: Deutche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit 224. Hartut Bremer Verlag, Friedland

    Google Scholar 

  • Sieverding E, Howeler RH (1985) Influence of species of VA mycorrhizal fungi on cassava yield response to phosphorus fertilization. Plant Soil 88:213–221

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sieverding E, Leihner DE (1984a) Effect of herbicides on production dynamics of VA-mycorrhiza with cassava. Angew Bot 58:283–294

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sieverding E, Leihner DE (1984b) Influence of crop rotation and intercropping of cassava with legumes of VA mycorrhizal symbiosis with cassava. Plant Soil 80:143–146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sieverding E, Oehl F (2006) Revision of Entrophospora and description of Kuklospora and Intraspora, two new genera in the arbuscular mycorrhizal Glomeromycetes. J Appl Bot Food Qual 80:69–81

    Google Scholar 

  • Sieverding E et al (2014) Rhizoglomus, a new genus of the Glomeraceae. Mycotaxon 129(2):373–386

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Silva GAE et al (2018) Effectiveness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal isolates from the land uses of Amazon region in symbiosis with cowpea. An Acad Bras Cienc 90(1):357–371

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Silva-Flores P et al (2021) Mycorrhizal science outreach: scope of action and available resources in the face of a global change. Plants People Planet 3:506–522

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simon L, Lalonde M, Bruns TD (1992) Specific amplification of 18S fungal ribosomal genes from VA endomycorrhizal fungi colonizing roots. Appl Environ Microbiol 58:291–295

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Simpson B, Ogorzaly M (2014) Plants in our world: economic botany. McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Sinchi (2009) Sistema de Información Ambiental Territorial de la Amazonia Colombiana SIAT-AC, vol 2021. Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas Sinchi, Bogotá

    Google Scholar 

  • Siqueira JO, Saggin-Junior OJ (2001) Dependency of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and responsiveness of some Brazilian native woody species. Mycorrhiza 11:245–255

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith SE, Read DJ (2008) Mycorrhizal symbiosis. Academic Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Spain JL, Sieverding E, Oehl F (2006) Appendicispora: a new genus in the arbuscular mycorrhiza-forming Glomeromycetes, with a discussion of the genus Archaeospora. Mycotaxon 97:163–182

    Google Scholar 

  • Stürmer SL, Siqueira JO (2011) Species richness and spore abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi across distinct land uses in Western Brazilian Amazon. Mycorrhiza 21:255–267

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Toussaint A et al (2020) Asymmetric patterns of global diversity among plants and mycorrhizal fungi. J Veg Sci 31(2):355–366

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Valera-Cervero S et al (2015) The composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities differs among the roots, spores and extraradical mycelia associated with five Mediterranean plant species. Environ Microbiol 17(8):2882–2895

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van der Heyde M et al (2017) Long term effects of grazing on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Agric Ecosyst Environ 243:27–33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van der Heyde M et al (2019) Reconciling disparate responses to grazing in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Rhizosphere 11:100167

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vasar M et al (2017) Increased sequencing depth does not increase captured diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Mycorrhiza 27(8):761–773

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Walker C et al (2007) Molecular phylogeny and new taxa in the Archaeosporales (Glomeromycota): Ambispora fennica gen. sp. nov., Ambisporaceae fam. nov., and emendation of Archaeospora and Archaeosporaceae. Mycol Res 111:137–153

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • WRB, IUSS Working Group (2015) Base referencial mundial del recurso suelo 2014, Actualización 2015. Sistema internacional de clasificación de suelos para la nomenclatura de suelos y la creación de leyendas de mapas de suelos. FAO, Rome

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang X et al (2020) Global negative effects of livestock grazing on arbuscular mycorrhizas: a meta-analysis. Sci Total Environ 708:134553

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We thank the Ministry of Environment of Colombia and the Sinchi Amazonian Institute of Scientific Research for sponsoring C.P.P-V. research and to the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research (PRG1065) and the European Regional Development fund (Centre of Excellence Ecolchange) for sponsoring D.L. and C.G.B. contributions to this chapter.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas Sinchi, Leticia, Amazonas, Colombia

    Clara P. Peña-Venegas & Daniela León

  2. Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia

    Daniela León & C. Guillermo Bueno

Authors
  1. Clara P. Peña-Venegas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Daniela León
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. C. Guillermo Bueno
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Clara P. Peña-Venegas .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. MICODIF (Micología, Diversidad e Interacciones Fúngicas), Universidad Nacional de San Luis-IMIBIO-CONICET- CCT SL, San Luis, Argentina

    Mónica A. Lugo

  2. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Marcela C. Pagano

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Peña-Venegas, C.P., León, D., Bueno, C.G. (2022). Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Colombian Amazon: A Historical Review. In: Lugo, M.A., Pagano, M.C. (eds) Mycorrhizal Fungi in South America. Fungal Biology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12994-0_4

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation