Abstract
Plants are constantly challenged by an array of potential pathogens like fungi, bacteria, viruses, insects, nematodes, etc., which lead to a significant loss to plant yield. Plants commonly overcome these phytopathogens by showing resistance through plant defense mechanisms. Several general microbe elicitors allow plants to mitigate the harmful effects of pathogenic microbes by enhancing the capability of plants to identify anonymous pathogenic agents and act as surveillance systems for plants. Elicitors are small drug-like compounds released by pathogens that are composed of molecules like oligosaccharides, lipids, peptides, and proteins, and they activate various kinds of defense responses in plants. They deliver information to plants through perception and identification of signaling molecules by cell surface-localized receptors, which is followed by the triggering of signal transmission pathways that commonly induces the synthesis of active oxygen species (AOS), phytoalexin production, production of defense enzymes, and the aggregation of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins. This article chiefly highlights the role of microbial elicitors in improving plant defense mechanisms as well as their modes of action that have been used to boost up the plant immune system.
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Acknowledgments
The authors are thankful to their respective departments and universities for providing the necessary facilities during the course of study.
Author Contributions
MM: Provided the general concept, conceived, and drafted part of the manuscript; writing – original draft preparation; prepared the figures and tables; conceptualization; investigation; resources; supervision; validation; visualization; writing – review & editing.
GY, PR, AN, and TM: Provided the general concept, conceived, and drafted part of the manuscript; writing – original draft preparation; prepared the figures and tables.
AZ and PS: Provided the general concept; validation; writing – review & editing.
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The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.
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The authors are thankful to the University Grant Commission (UGC) under Startup Research Grant (UGC Faculty Research Promotion Scheme; FRPS), New Delhi, India, for its financial assistance (No.F. 30-476/2019 (BSR) FD Diary No. 5662).
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Meena, M. et al. (2022). Role of Microbial Bioagents as Elicitors in Plant Defense Regulation. In: Wani, S.H., Nataraj, V., Singh, G.P. (eds) Transcription Factors for Biotic Stress Tolerance in Plants. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12990-2_6
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