Abstract
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an immune-mediated syndrome involving both humoral and cellular mechanisms where a susceptible individual develops an exaggerated pulmonary inflammatory response when exposed to certain antigens small enough to enter the alveoli. In this chapter, we will discuss various forms of HP detailing clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and management for each subtype.
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Abbreviations
- AEP:
-
Acute eosinophilic pneumonia
- ANA:
-
Antinuclear antibody
- ANCA:
-
Antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody
- ARDS:
-
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
- BAL:
-
Bronchoalveolar lavage
- CBC:
-
Complete blood count
- CEP:
-
Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia
- CXR:
-
Chest radiograph
- EGPA:
-
Eosinophilic granulomatosis and polyangiitis
- HP:
-
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
- HR:
-
Heart rate
- HRCT:
-
High resolution computed tomography
- IgE:
-
Immunoglobulin E
- IgG:
-
Immunoglobulin G
- IL:
-
Interleukin
- ILD:
-
Interstitial lung disease
- IPF:
-
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- MPO:
-
Myeloperoxidase antibody
- MUC5B:
-
Mucin 5b
- NTM:
-
Nontuberculous mycobacterium
- OSA:
-
Obstructive sleep apnea
- Th1:
-
T helper cell type 1
- Th17:
-
T helper cell type 17
- Th2:
-
T helper cell type 2
- UIP:
-
Usual interstitial pneumonia
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Gripaldo, R., Wynn, A.T. (2022). Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis. In: Mahmoudi, M. (eds) Absolute Allergy and Immunology Board Review. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12867-7_9
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