Abstract
In endoscopic management of patients with esophageal malignancy, the most common aim is to diagnose and treat mucosal-based neoplasia. Esophagectomy is a curative therapy, but despite technical advances in surgical procedures, it is still associated with considerable perioperative risks, especially for the elderly. The increased perioperative risk can be partially explained by the existence of comorbidities in an aging population, notably obesity and ongoing tobacco and alcohol consumption. Most endoscopic therapy has been focused on high-grade dysplasia (HGD), primarily because of the risk of progression to cancer. HGD represents a threshold for intervention, whereas low-grade dysplasia (LGD) often just requires frequent endoscopic surveillance following society guidelines. Endoscopic therapy has been applied to early-stage cancer since the publication of more favorable outcome data on mucosal resection and ablation therapy for mucosal esophageal cancer.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Wang KK, Sampliner RE. Updated guidelines 2008 for the diagnosis, surveillance and therapy of Barrett’s esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol. 2008;103:788–97.
Spechler SJ, Sharma P, Souza RF, Inadomi JM, Shaheen NJ. American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement on the management of Barrett’s esophagus. Gastroenterology. 2011;140:1084–91.
Evans JA, Early DS, Fukami N, Ben-Menachem T, Chandrasekhara V, Chathadi KV, et al. The role of endoscopy in Barrett’s esophagus and other premalignant conditions of the esophagus. Gastrointest Endosc. 2012;76:1087–94.
Fitzgerald RC, di Pietro M, Ragunath K, Ang Y, Kang JY, Watson P, et al. British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines on the diagnosis and management of Barrett’s oesophagus. Gut. 2014;63:7–42.
Haidry RJ, Dunn JM, Butt MA, Burnell MG, Gupta A, Green S, et al. Radiofrequency ablation and endoscopic mucosal resection for dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus and early esophageal adenocarcinoma: outcomes of the UK National Halo RFA Registry. Gastroenterology. 2013;145:87–95.
Phoa KN, Pouw RE, van Vilsteren FG, Sondermeijer CM, Ten Kate FJ, Visser M, et al. Remission of Barrett’s esophagus with early neoplasia 5 years after radiofrequency ablation with endoscopic resection: a Netherlands cohort study. Gastroenterology. 2013;145:96–104.
Guarner-Argente C, Buoncristiano T, Furth EE, Falk GW, Ginsberg GG. Long-term outcomes of patients with Barrett’s esophagus and high-grade dysplasia or early cancer treated with endoluminal therapies with intention to complete eradication. Gastrointest Endosc. 2013;77:190–9.
Wang KK, Prasad G, Tian J. Endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection in esophageal and gastric cancers. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2010;26:453–8.
Endoscopic Classification Review Group. Update on the Paris classification of superficial neoplastic lesions in the digestive tract. Endoscopy. 2005;37:570–8.
Tomizawa Y, Waxman I. Enhanced mucosal imaging and the esophagus—ready for prime time? Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2014;16:389–96.
Wani S, Das A, Rastogi A, Drahos J, Ricker W, Parsons R, et al. Endoscopic ultrasonography in esophageal cancer leads to improved survival rates: results from a population-based study. Cancer. 2015;121:194–201.
Larghi A, Lightdale CJ, Memeo L, Bhagat G, Okpara N, Rotterdam H. EUS followed by EMR for staging of high-grade dysplasia and early cancer in Barrett’s esophagus. Gastrointest Endosc. 2005;62:16–23.
Inoue H, Santi EG, Onimaru M, Kudo SE. Submucosal endoscopy: from ESD to POEM and beyond. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2014;24:257–64.
Oyama T. Esophageal ESD: technique and prevention of complications. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2014;24:201–12.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Tomizawa, Y., Waxman, I. (2022). Diagnostic and Interventional Endoscopy. In: Herbella, F.A.M., Patti, M.G. (eds) Atlas of Esophageal Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12790-8_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12790-8_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-12789-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-12790-8
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)