Abstract
It is inevitably better to prevent a pandemic than have to control one, and Earth observations (EO) will play a critical role in predicting and preventing disease incidence in the future. Most new, emerging diseases are zoonotic in origin, meaning they spill over from animal species to infect humans. Therefore, it is critical to take a One Health approach in further disease studies: we must investigate these animals (reservoir species), the environments they inhabit, and their interactions with humans in order to reduce the probability of spillover events. EO data is useful in all three of these areas and can be integrated with other data to develop a more comprehensive and multifaceted view of disease transmission and prevention. For example, the levels of vector-borne diseases carried by insects such as mosquitos and ticks can be predicted with weather and climate data from satellites in combination with data on human population characteristics. For other diseases that have their hosts in vertebrates like bats or chimpanzees, habitat data are particularly useful. Satellites can measure the degree of habitat destruction and human incursion to estimate the probability of human-wildlife interactions that could spread disease. Preventing the next pandemic will require us to stay ahead of the disease curve, and EO data provides an avenue that can help us stop disease before it starts.
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Mishra, M.V. (2022). Preventing Pandemics: Earth Observations for One Health. In: Laituri, M., Richardson, R.B., Kim, J. (eds) The Geographies of COVID-19. Global Perspectives on Health Geography. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11775-6_21
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