Ultrasound of the Shoulder

Abstract

The shoulder is a complex synovial ball-and-socket joint with minimal bony constraint and extensive static and dynamic stabilizers. While these characteristics allow for an extended range of motion and functionality, the joint is predisposed to a set of injuries. Subsequently shoulder pathologies constitute a considerable amount of musculoskeletal and sports medicine complaints. Given the relatively superficial nature of the joint and the substantial benefit of dynamic examination, the ultrasonographic scan of the shoulder joint provides a valuable diagnostic tool. In this chapter we highlight a standardized and organized approach to a complete examination of the major structures in the shoulder anatomic region that will be divided into anterior, superior, anterolateral, and posterior regions.