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Freshwaters and Wetlands of Patagonia pp 409–433Cite as

Influence of the Fish Introduction in Lakes of the Arid Southern Patagonia

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Part of the book series: Natural and Social Sciences of Patagonia ((NSSP))

Abstract

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was introduced in most lakes of Patagonia, generating concern about its impact on the receiving communities. However, the information about the effects of trout in stocked lakes of this region is still fragmentary. We conducted a comprehensive comparative study of fishless and stocked lakes of the arid southern Patagonia to analyse the extent of trout effects on the community composition, primary productivity and food webs, considering also contrasting climatic conditions (wet and dry years). Rainbow trout shaped the community of pelagic crustaceans, affecting both species’ dominance and size structure. Stocked lakes also showed substantial differences in phytoplankton structure, and higher abundances of microplanktonic cyanobacteria, probably caused by top-down effects. These changes were more pronounced during dry periods, indicating the concomitant effects of trout introduction and climate fluctuations. Trout also generated alterations in food webs, forcing their main prey (amphipods) to shift from predominantly pelagic to benthic/littoral feeders. Differences in stable isotope values also indicate changes in the habitat coupling when trout were present. We discuss results from a conservation perspective, considering the potential consequences for waterbirds, mainly for the critically endangered hooded grebe (Podiceps gallardoi), which have their reproductive habitat in the analysed aquatic systems.

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Acknowledgements

Most of the information reviewed in this chapter derives from studies that were possible thanks to the logistic support and the facilities provided by the Proyecto Macá Tobiano in Strobel and Buenos Aires Plateaus, Rodríguez family (Ea. Lago Strobel), Laguna Verde Lodge and Jurassic Lake Lodge in the Strobel Plateau and the facilities provided by the “Parque Nacional Patagonia” in the Buenos Aires Plateau. We thank the collaboration of I. Roesler, G. Tell, F. Unrein, R. Sinistro, A. Rua, C. Sabio y García, M.C. Diéguez, I. O’Farrell, V. Rago and the technicians and volunteers of the Proyecto Macá Tobiano/Programa Patagonia (Aves Argentinas) during the field trips to the plateaus. We also thank M.L. Fogel and the EDGE institute (UC Riverside) for their support of the project that allowed the isotopic analysis research. The cited studies were financed by the following grants: FONCYT PICT 32732 and FONCYT PICT 2013-0794 of the Argentine Fund for Scientific and Technical Investigations; Proyecto Macá Tobiano (Aves Argentinas/Ambiente Sur), Programa Patagonia Aves Argentinas (by Toyota Argentina, PAE, BirdLife International Preventing Extinction Programme (B. Olewine and S. & B. Thal), ICFC Canada, Toyota Environmental Activities Grant Programme, ZSL-EDGE, Secretaría de Ambiente de Santa Cruz and Patagonia Inc.); Technical Advisory Agreement IEASA-CONICET-Macá Tobiano; University of California’s EDGE Institute; and the Tonolli Award 2017 awarded by the International Society of Limnology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución – IEGEBA (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Sol Porcel & Irina Izaguirre

  2. Centro De Investigación Aplicada y Transferencia Tecnológica en Recursos Marinos ‘Almirante Storni’–CONICET, San Antonio Oeste, Río Negro, Argentina

    Juan Francisco Saad

  3. Escuela Superior de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, San Antonio Oeste, Río Negro, Argentina

    Juan Francisco Saad

  4. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    María Cristina Marinone

  5. Proyecto Macá Tobiano, Aves Argentinas/AOP, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Julio Lancelotti

  6. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales, Centro Nacional Patagónico (CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina

    Julio Lancelotti

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  1. Sol Porcel
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  2. Juan Francisco Saad
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  3. María Cristina Marinone
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  4. Irina Izaguirre
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  5. Julio Lancelotti
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  1. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental (IIIA) UNSAM-CONICET, Escuela de Hábitat y Sostenibilidad UNSAM, San Martín, Argentina

    Gabriela Mataloni

  2. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental (IIIA) UNSAM-CONICET, Escuela de Hábitat y Sostenibilidad UNSAM, San Martín, Argentina

    Rubén D. Quintana

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Porcel, S., Saad, J.F., Marinone, M.C., Izaguirre, I., Lancelotti, J. (2022). Influence of the Fish Introduction in Lakes of the Arid Southern Patagonia. In: Mataloni, G., Quintana, R.D. (eds) Freshwaters and Wetlands of Patagonia. Natural and Social Sciences of Patagonia. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10027-7_14

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