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Coronary Artery Disease

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FDG-PET/CT and PET/MR in Cardiovascular Diseases

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Abstract

PET imaging of molecular targets in coronary artery disease is a rapidly evolving field with the potential to advance our capabilities in evaluating moderate to high-risk coronary atherosclerosis in the clinical setting. Here, we review three such tracers in coronary artery disease, namely 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), 18F-NaF, and 68Ga-Pentixafor, as well as strategies developed to evaluate apparently stable coronary atherosclerosis and predict acute coronary syndromes. Additionally, we detail ongoing avenues of research in novel molecular targets that hold the promise of a theranostics approach to mitigate atherosclerosis progression and ensuing thrombotic complications. By providing mechanistic insight into the local milieu affecting atherosclerosis, these molecular PET imaging approaches will continue to shape the landscape of clinical risk assessment of coronary artery disease and improve the delivery of personalized patient care.

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Abbreviations

18F-NaF:

18F-Sodium fluoride

18F-FDG:

18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose

18F-FLT:

18F-Labeled thymidine

ACS:

Acute coronary syndrome

CAC:

Coronary artery calcium

CAD:

Coronary artery disease

cMRI:

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

CT:

Computed tomography

CXCL12:

CXC-motif chemokine ligand 12

CXCR4:

CXC-motif chemokine receptor 4

HDL:

High-density lipoprotein

LAD:

Left anterior descending artery

LCx:

Left circumflex artery

LDL:

Low-density lipoprotein

NaF:

18F-Sodium fluoride

oxLDL:

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein

PET:

Positron emission tomography

RCA:

Right coronary artery

STEMI:

ST-Elevation myocardial infarction

SUV:

Standardized uptake value

TBR:

Target-to-background ratio

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Acknowledgments

VA Merit BX004558, UCLA Cardiovascular Discovery Fund/Lauren B. Leichtman and Arthur E. Levine Investigator Award.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    James R. Pinney & René R. Sevag Packard

  2. Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    James R. Pinney, Nandakumar Menon & René R. Sevag Packard

  3. Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    James R. Pinney, Nandakumar Menon & René R. Sevag Packard

  4. Veterans Affairs West Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Nandakumar Menon & René R. Sevag Packard

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  1. James R. Pinney
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Correspondence to René R. Sevag Packard .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada

    Matthieu Pelletier-Galarneau

  2. BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Patrick Martineau

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Pinney, J.R., Menon, N., Sevag Packard, R.R. (2022). Coronary Artery Disease. In: Pelletier-Galarneau, M., Martineau, P. (eds) FDG-PET/CT and PET/MR in Cardiovascular Diseases. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09807-9_19

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