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Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis

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FDG-PET/CT and PET/MR in Cardiovascular Diseases

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Abstract

Prosthetic valve infective endocarditis (PVE) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. With the increasing number of prostheses implanted every year, the incidence of PVE is expected to rise. The diagnosis of PVE is challenging as blood cultures are often negative and the sensitivity of echocardiography is suboptimal in the presence of prosthetic valves. In 2015, the European Society of Cardiology introduced 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) as a major criterion for the diagnosis of PVE, based on its ability to identify valve infection and to detect septic emboli. In addition, FDG-PET/CT can detect PVE portal of entry, which may lead to change in management. This chapter will discuss the epidemiology and clinical presentations of PVE. In addition, the role of FDG-PET/CT in PVE as well as optimal imaging protocols will be reviewed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele (Milan), Italy

    Martina Sollini & Roberta Zanca

  2. Department of Translational Research and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Regional Center of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

    Francesco Bartoli, Enrica Esposito, Elena Lazzeri & Paola Anna Erba

  3. University Medical Center Groningen, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Riemer H. J. A. Slart & Paola Anna Erba

  4. Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands

    Riemer H. J. A. Slart

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  1. Martina Sollini
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Correspondence to Paola Anna Erba .

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  1. Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada

    Matthieu Pelletier-Galarneau

  2. BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Patrick Martineau

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Sollini, M. et al. (2022). Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis. In: Pelletier-Galarneau, M., Martineau, P. (eds) FDG-PET/CT and PET/MR in Cardiovascular Diseases. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09807-9_12

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