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Status and Challenges of Monitoring Soil Erosion in Croplands of Arid Regions

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Soil Health and Environmental Sustainability

Part of the book series: Environmental Science and Engineering ((ESE))

Abstract

Soil erosion is the greatest threat to soil health and soil ecosystem services globally. Several studies are reported in literature on monitoring and assessment of soil erosion in semi-arid and humid regions both at catchment scale and field level. However, soil erosion studies are rare from arid regions especially Indian arid region. It is learnt that a variety of methods have been used for monitoring of soil erosion and rates of soil erosion vary considerably for regional and global estimates according to the method used to derive them. This chapter aims at providing an overview of methods used for monitoring runoff and soil erosion from agricultural lands. Then it describes different scales ranging from micro-plot to field and catchment scale assessment of soil erosion from agricultural/arable land. Thereafter, different devices and methods used for measurement or estimation of soil erosion in the literature are explained. Furthermore, a case study is presented to demonstrate a step-by-step methodology for measurement of runoff and soil erosion from agricultural fields of an arid region of Gujarat, India and results are discussed. The case study revealed that the highest soil loss occurred from the field plots of cultivated fallow (108.03 kg ha−1 yr−1) and unploughed fallow (78.95 kg ha−1 yr−1). The best intercropping practice in reducing field-level soil erosion is found as green gram intercropped with sorghum and pearl millet, which checked erosion of fertile soil by 69–79% more effectively than the cultivated and unploughed fallow plots. Moreover, challenges and issues faced in regular monitoring of soil erosion in arid climate are discussed.

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Acknowledgements

Authors gratefully acknowledge the facilities provided by the Director, ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, Rajasthan to carry out the case study presented in the chapter. This chapter is based on outcome of institute’s research project CAZRI/T1/31.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Natural Resources, ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342003, India

    Deepesh Machiwal

  2. Regional Research Station, ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Bhuj, Gujarat, 370105, India

    Abhishek Patel & Anandkumar Naorem

  3. ICAR-Central Agroforestry Research Institute, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, 284003, India

    Sushil Kumar

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  1. Deepesh Machiwal
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  4. Anandkumar Naorem
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Correspondence to Deepesh Machiwal .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Geography, Raja N. L. Khan Womens College (Autonomous), Midnapore, West Bengal, India

    Pravat Kumar Shit

  2. Soil Science, ICAR Indian Institute of Water Management, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Partha Pratim Adhikary

  3. GIS Scientist, TPF Getinsa Euroestudios S.l, Gurgaon, Haryana, India

    Gouri Sankar Bhunia

  4. Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India

    Debashish Sengupta

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Machiwal, D., Patel, A., Kumar, S., Naorem, A. (2022). Status and Challenges of Monitoring Soil Erosion in Croplands of Arid Regions. In: Shit, P.K., Adhikary, P.P., Bhunia, G.S., Sengupta, D. (eds) Soil Health and Environmental Sustainability. Environmental Science and Engineering. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09270-1_8

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