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Metabolic Syndromes of Parathyroid Failure

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Parathyroid Gland Disorders

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Abstract

The approach to post-thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism may be facilitated by the understanding of the three different metabolic syndromes of parathyroid failure, namely, post-operative hypoparathyroidism, protracted hypoparathyroidism, and permanent hypoparathyroidism. Selective calcium/vitamin D replacement therapy of post-operative hypocalcemia at the time of hospital discharge is recommended. A detectable intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) level, all parathyroid glands remaining in situ and high levels of serum calcium 1 month after surgery increase the likelihood of recovery from protracted hypoparathyroidism. Permanent hypoparathyroidism can be managed according to iPTH levels. Aparathyroidism with undetectable iPTH requires vitamin D supplementation whereas hypoparathyroidism (detectable, but subnormal iPTH) can often be managed with calcium salts alone. Associated conditions such as malabsorption, gastric bypass, or treatment with biphosphonates may cause a relative parathyroid insufficiency. This chapter defines the three metabolic syndromes of parathyroid failure, discusses the risk factors of hypoparathyroidism syndromes, and explores the likely of recovery of parathyroid function.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt

    Mahmoud F. Sakr

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  1. Mahmoud F. Sakr
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Sakr, M.F. (2022). Metabolic Syndromes of Parathyroid Failure. In: Parathyroid Gland Disorders. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07418-9_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07418-9_10

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-07417-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-07418-9

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