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Foreword: Challenges and Opportunities for LGBT Populations and Cancer in Global Oncology

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LGBT Populations and Cancer in the Global Context

Abstract

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) communities experience cancer health disparities, and there is limited research in SGM-related cancers globally. To help address this gap, the US National Institutes of Health has supported research in this area at the National Cancer Institute, Fogarty International Center, and Sexual & Gender Minority Research Office. Challenges to cancer prevention and control among SGM populations exist at the societal, community, interpersonal, and individual levels. Discriminatory policies and laws, stigma, and socioeconomic barriers prevent equitable access to cancer control. Members of the SGM community also have higher risk of certain cancers due in part to higher rates of tobacco and alcohol use, and increased prevalence of infections associated with cancer like HIV, HPV, and hepatitis. Additional challenges include limited data related to specific cancer risks and burden among SGM populations. There are major opportunities to address these challenges globally, such as improving legal protections for SGM populations, reducing stigma and systematic barriers through mobile health technology and provider education, and targeting cancer screening and prevention efforts. Continued research efforts can generate additional evidence to improve cancer control in SGM communities worldwide and accelerate global efforts toward greater health equity.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations include, but are not limited to, individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, asexual, transgender, Two-Spirit, queer, and/or intersex. Individuals with same-sex or -gender attractions or behaviors and those with a difference in sex development are also included. These populations also encompass those who do not self-identify with one of these terms but whose sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, or reproductive development is characterized by non-binary constructs of sexual orientation, gender, and/or sex.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Global Health, Rockville, MD, USA

      Kalina Duncan, Elise Garton & Satish Gopal

    2. National Institutes of Health, Division of Program Coordination, Planning, and Strategic Initiatives, Sexual & Gender Minority Research Office, Bethesda, MD, USA

      Irene Avila & Karen Parker

    3. National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Bethesda, MD, USA

      Sarah Jackson

    4. National Institutes of Health, Fogarty International Center, Division of International Training and Research, Bethesda, MD, USA

      Brad Newsome

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      Ulrike Boehmer

    2. Applied Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, Dortmund, Germany

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    Duncan, K. et al. (2022). Foreword: Challenges and Opportunities for LGBT Populations and Cancer in Global Oncology. In: Boehmer, U., Dennert, G. (eds) LGBT Populations and Cancer in the Global Context. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06585-9_1

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