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Assessment of Environmental Impacts of Pesticides: Evidence from Meta-Analysis

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Towards Sustainable Natural Resources

Abstract

The previous studies have found inter-linkages between pesticide use and their environmental impacts. However, these studies did not make attempts to relate the pesticide impact on target and non-target organisms. In order to fill the void, the literature we currently have on the relationship between pesticide use and environmental consequences was extensively reviewed, and executed with the promise to fill the knowledge-gap. Additionally, this chapter also finds alternative ways such as IPM (Integrated Pest Management) to reduce the spill-over effects of pesticides. The fundamental objective of the study is to explain the potential association between pesticides and environmental effects especially on target and non-target organisms. For this purpose, the meta-analysis of case–control and cohort research was experimented by the authors. In the meta-analysis, two cohort studies and 46 case–control studies were chosen. The investigators computed a pooled meta-analysis stratified on various ecosystem relationships of the environment after testing study homogeneity using the Cochran Q test. The authors then created a list of variables considered to be significant in understanding the relationship between pesticide use and environmental hazard on target and non-target organisms and conducted a series of meta-analyses on it. The result of the meta-analysis of the cohort studies shows positive connections between pesticide use and environmental hazard. The findings confirmed that both target and non-target organisms in the environment are affected by the immense use of pesticides with each passing year, and correspondingly, the impact will increase in the future. The study also reveals that many human diseases grow by the use of pesticides in the farmlands. The meta-analysis also shows that the various components of the environment like soil, water and air are extensively overblown by the frequent use of pesticides. The study concluded that although the pesticides increase the production up to a threshold level but simultaneously the overall analysis reveals that their use has negative network externalities on the environment with far reaching consequences on the sustainable development on one hand and human lives on the other hand.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Aligarh Muslim University for providing access to the research articles cited in this work without which it was not possible to accomplish the meta-analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural Economics, Aligarh Muslim University, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India

    Mohd Iqbal Rather

  2. Department of Sociology, Aligarh Muslim University, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India

    Tanveer Ahmad Khan

  3. South Asian University, Akbar Bhawan, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, 110021, India

    Irfanullah Farooqi

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  1. Mohd Iqbal Rather
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  2. Tanveer Ahmad Khan
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Correspondence to Mohd Iqbal Rather .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India

    Meenu Rani

  2. Department of Geophysics, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India

    Bhagwan Singh Chaudhary

  3. Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Saleha Jamal

  4. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural Un, Jhansi, India

    Pavan Kumar

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Rather, M.I., Khan, T.A., Farooqi, I. (2022). Assessment of Environmental Impacts of Pesticides: Evidence from Meta-Analysis. In: Rani, M., Chaudhary, B.S., Jamal, S., Kumar, P. (eds) Towards Sustainable Natural Resources. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06443-2_13

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