Abstract
The concept of “precision surgery” is nowadays intrinsic in the management of the genitourinary cancers. A detailed case-specific understanding of the surgical anatomy represents the key point for a tailored treatment planning. The creation of virtual prostate models based on the use of 2D multi-parametric magnetic resonance images is the key point of this new technology. Augmented Reality (AR) overlays digitally created content into the user’s real-world environment with the aim of enhancing real-word features. In augmented reality, the user is provided with information generated by software capable of improving the perception of reality so it must be processed in an optimal manner. Virtual 3D models allow the surgeon to simplify the planning and management of the treatment and to influence the decision-making process during Robot-assisted Laparoscopic Prostatectomy (RALP), in order to obtain both oncological and functional better results.
With the aim of obtain a correct overlay of the images, we must consider that tissues are always subjected to forces that could modify their appearance and shape. To overcome this problem, recent technological innovations and the use of parametric transformation formulas have led to the development of elastic augmented reality: in this way it is possible to twist, bend, stretch, and tape the model according to surgical maneuvers. Furthermore, in the near future, the possibility to automatically track organ movements during the procedure will permit automatic overlap of the virtual model to real anatomy.
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Porpiglia, F. et al. (2022). Augmented Reality in RALP. In: Ren, S., Nathan, S., Pavan, N., Gu, D., Sridhar, A., Autorino, R. (eds) Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05855-4_6
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