Abstract
Russian Federation is home to many nationalities that speak more than 120 ethnic languages. The ethnic languages are often spoken in households, whereas the education in kindergartens and schools is carried out, to a great extent, in the official language, Russian. Thus, a large number of Russian children acquire, simultaneously, two or more languages. A growing body of research recognizes the impact of regular dual language use on children’s executive functions and social and emotional development (Halle in Early Childhood Research Quarterly 29:734–739, 2014), though research in the latter two domains is sparse, when compared to the former. More research and from different languages and cultures is needed to shed light on differences in cognitive development between monolingual and bilingual children. The current study focused on the development of executive functions and emotion understanding in bilingual and monolingual Russian preschool children. Bilingual children were recruited in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and Tatarstan, these are two Russian regions where (at least) two languages are used officially. Monolingual children were recruited in the central region of Russia, where, typically, only Russian is spoken. The analysis revealed that, when compared to monolingual peers, bilingual children demonstrated slightly higher results in verbal working memory and motor persistence skills. Monolingual children, on the other hand, outperformed bilingual peers in emotion understanding tasks. The results of the current study provide novel and constructive insights on bilingual child development that can guide educational policymakers in multicultural and multilingual countries, as well as professionals working on psychological adaptation and preparation of bilingual children to school.
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This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant number 20-18-00457 and by the Research Council of Norway through its Centres of Excellence funding scheme (project number 223265).
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Bukhalenkova, D., Veraksa, A., Gavrilova, M., Kartushina, N. (2022). Role of Bilingualism in Child Development: Insights from Executive Functions and Emotion Understanding. In: Veraksa, A. (eds) Child Development in Russia. Early Childhood Research and Education: An Inter-theoretical Focus, vol 3. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05524-9_5
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