Abstract
International commercial exchanges of electric power give rise to a number of issues, which form the substance of the following considerations. A delineation can be drawn between two sets of issues: One relates to the preconditions of trade in electric energy, and the other relates to the treatment of goods and services once cross-border trade is established.
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Notes
- 1.
WTO Members have entered into commitments for services such as engineering, technical testing and analysis, maintenance and repair of equipment and general construction work for civil engineering. See the discussion of energy-related services at Cossy (2012), p. 159.
- 2.
WTO, European Union and its Member States – Certain Measures Relating to the Energy Sector, Request for the Establishment of a Panel by the Russian Federation (28 May 2015) WT/DS476/2.
- 3.
Hunt (2002), p. 39.
- 4.
WTO, Council for Trade in Services, Energy Services – Background Note by the Secretariat (09 September 1998) S/C/W/52 [37].
- 5.
Sánchez Miranda (2018), p. 95.
- 6.
Ibid.
References
Cossy M (2012) Energy Trade and WTO rules: reflexions on sovereignty over natural resources, export restrictions and freedom of transit. In: Hermann C, Terhechte J (eds) European Yearbook of International Economic Law. Springer, Berlin
Hunt S (2002) Making competition work in electricity. Wiley, Hoboken
Sánchez Miranda M (2018) Liberalization at the speed of light: International Trade in electricity and interconnected networks. J Int Econ Law 21:1
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Frey, C. (2022). A Typology of International Trade Issues in the Electricity Sector. In: World Trade Law and the Emergence of International Electricity Markets. European Yearbook of International Economic Law(), vol 25. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04756-5_9
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