Abstract
Organisations are an integral part of modern societies. They are subsystems of a larger system. Organisations are, usually, divided into civil society, corporations, and public sector ones. Organisations are complex, semi-open, social systems with sets of interrelated units engaged in joint problem-solving to accomplish a goal or objective and to create value and acceptable outcomes for stakeholders. An organisation is composed of system elements (differentiated functions or groups), that are, in turn, composed of individuals. These system elements may be divided into operations and production, strategy and management, governance, organisational systems, service provision, and assessment and reporting. An organisation must balance the needs and interactions of multiple stakeholders, including social and environmental, primary and secondary concerns, and internal and external needs. Stakeholder interactions can be interpersonal, intergroup, or inter-organisational and range from the competitive, to the cooperative, to collaborative. Organisations have been instrumental in driving sustainability. In the last decade, there has been an increasing interest in organisational sustainability, where several “organisational sustainability” definitions have been proposed. The most complete one encompasses the four dimensions of sustainability, the organisation system elements, its stakeholders, change processes and their rate of change, and how inputs are transformed into outputs throughout the supply chain.
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Notes
- 1.
“Indulgences” follows the medieval concept, which had the function of remitting time to be served by a sinner in purgatory by paying money to the representatives of the church (Goodin, 1994). Indulgences, in the sustainability context should be understood as providing money through charitable activities for the improvement of social welfare (Lozano, 2011).
Abbreviations
- CSOs:
-
Civil society organisations
- HEIs:
-
Higher education institutions
- MuSIC:
-
Multi-dimensional sustainability influence change
- NGOs:
-
Non-governmental organisations
- PSOs:
-
Public sector organisations
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Lozano, R. (2022). Organisations and Their Contribution to Sustainability. In: Toward Sustainable Organisations. Strategies for Sustainability. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99676-5_3
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