Skip to main content

Mining Minority-Class Examples with Uncertainty Estimates

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
MultiMedia Modeling (MMM 2022)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 13141))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 2008 Accesses

Abstract

In the real world, the frequency of occurrence of objects is naturally skewed forming long-tail class distributions, which results in poor performance on the statistically rare classes. A promising solution is to mine tail-class examples to balance the training dataset. However, mining tail-class examples is a very challenging task. For instance, most of the otherwise successful uncertainty-based mining approaches struggle due to distortion of class probabilities resulting from skewness in data. In this work, we propose an effective, yet simple, approach to overcome these challenges. Our framework enhances the subdued tail-class activations and, thereafter, uses a one-class data-centric approach to effectively identify tail-class examples. We carry out an exhaustive evaluation of our framework on three datasets spanning over two computer vision tasks. Substantial improvements in the minority-class mining and fine-tuned model’s task performance strongly corroborate the value of our method.

G. Singh and L. Chu—Contribute equally in this work.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Aggarwal, U., Popescu, A., Hudelot, C.: Active learning for imbalanced datasets. In: The IEEE WACV, pp. 1428–1437 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Attenberg, J., Provost, F.: Why label when you can search? alternatives to active learning for applying human resources to build classification models under extreme class imbalance. In: Proceedings of the 16th ACM SIGKDD, pp. 423–432 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Attenberg, J., Provost, F.: Inactive learning? difficulties employing active learning in practice. ACM SIGKDD Explor. 12(2), 36–41 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Bengio, S.: The battle against the long tail. In: Talk on Workshop on Big Data and Statistical Machine Learning, vol. 1 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Bhattacharya, A.R., Liu, J., Chakraborty, S.: A generic active learning framework for class imbalance applications. In: BMVC, p. 121 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  6. C Lin, M.: Active learning with unbalanced classes & example-generated queries. In: AAAI Conference on Human Computation (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Chen, Y., Mani, S.: Active learning for unbalanced data in the challenge with multiple models and biasing. In: Active Learning and Experimental Design workshop In conjunction with AISTATS 2010, pp. 113–126. JMLR Workshop and Conference Proceedings (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Culotta, A., McCallum, A.: Reducing labeling effort for structured prediction tasks. In: AAAI, vol. 5, pp. 746–751 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Dagan, I., Engelson, S.P.: Committee-based sampling for training probabilistic classifiers. In: Machine Learning Proceedings 1995, pp. 150–157. Elsevier (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Deng, J., Dong, W., Socher, R., Li, L.J., Li, K., Fei-Fei, L.: Imagenet: a large-scale hierarchical image database. In: 2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 248–255. IEEE (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Ertekin, S., Huang, J., Bottou, L., Giles, L.: Learning on the border: active learning in imbalanced data classification. In: Proceedings of the Sixteenth ACM Conference on Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, pp. 127–136 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Guo, C., Pleiss, G., Sun, Y., Weinberger, K.Q.: On calibration of modern neural networks. arXiv preprint arXiv:1706.04599 (2017)

  13. He, H., Garcia, E.A.: Learning from imbalanced data. IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. 21(9), 1263–1284 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Kazerouni, A., Zhao, Q., Xie, J., Tata, S., Najork, M.: Active learning for skewed data sets. arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.11442 (2020)

  15. Kirshners, A., Parshutin, S., Gorskis, H.: Entropy-based classifier enhancement to handle imbalanced class problem. Procedia Comput. Sci. 104, 586–591 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Krawczyk, B.: Learning from imbalanced data: open challenges and future directions. Progress Artif. Intell. 5(4), 221–232 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13748-016-0094-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Krizhevsky, A., Hinton, G., et al.: Learning multiple layers of features from tiny images (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Lin, T.Y., Goyal, P., Girshick, R., He, K., Dollár, P.: Focal loss for dense object detection. In: Proceedings of the IEEE ICCV, pp. 2980–2988 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Lin, T.-Y., et al.: Microsoft COCO: common objects in context. In: Fleet, D., Pajdla, T., Schiele, B., Tuytelaars, T. (eds.) ECCV 2014. LNCS, vol. 8693, pp. 740–755. Springer, Cham (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10602-1_48

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  20. Mukhoti, J., Kulharia, V., Sanyal, A., Golodetz, S., Torr, P.H., Dokania, P.K.: Calibrating deep neural networks using focal loss. arXiv preprint arXiv:2002.09437 (2020)

  21. Ramirez-Loaiza, M.E., Sharma, M., Kumar, G., Bilgic, M.: Active learning: an empirical study of common baselines. Data Mining Knowle. Discov. 31(2), 287–313 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10618-016-0469-7

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  22. Settles, B.: Active learning literature survey. Technical report, UW-Madison Dept. of Computer Sciences (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Shannon, C.E.: A mathematical theory of communication. ACM SIGMOBILE Mob. Comput. Commun. 5(1), 3–55 (2001)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  24. Singh, G., Sigal, L., Little, J.J.: Spatio-temporal relational reasoning for video question answering

    Google Scholar 

  25. Singh, G., Srikant, S., Aggarwal, V.: Question independent grading using machine learning: the case of computer program grading. In: Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 263–272 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Thudumu, S., Branch, P., Jin, J., Singh, J.J.: A comprehensive survey of anomaly detection techniques for high dimensional big data. J. Big Data 7(1), 1–30 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-020-00320-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Tomanek, K., Hahn, U.: Reducing class imbalance during active learning for named entity annotation. In: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Knowledge Capture, pp. 105–112 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Zhu, X., Anguelov, D., Ramanan, D.: Capturing long-tail distributions of object subcategories. In: IEEE CVPR, pp. 915–922 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gursimran Singh .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Singh, G., Chu, L., Wang, L., Pei, J., Tian, Q., Zhang, Y. (2022). Mining Minority-Class Examples with Uncertainty Estimates. In: Þór Jónsson, B., et al. MultiMedia Modeling. MMM 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13141. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98358-1_21

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98358-1_21

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-98357-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-98358-1

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics