Skip to main content

Sociology of South Asia: In Waiting for the Revolution

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Sociology of South Asia

Abstract

This introduction traces the genealogy of current sociology of South Asia. We examine classical sociology’s approach to the subcontinent as a contrast case to European modernity, and colonial and postcolonial sociological scholarship within the subcontinent under developmental and liberalized state regimes. We then map how global political shifts, including the strategic interests of the U.S. government in funding the study of South Asia in the post-war, Cold War, and post-9/11 periods, set up particular intellectual trajectories that diverged from both classical sociology and the approaches to the study of society within the subcontinent. In tracing this genealogy, we map out a trajectory for decolonizing and deparochializing sociology from and through the study of South Asia.

We would like to thank Dwaipayan Banerjee and Sneha Annavarapu for their incisive comments and feedback on this introductory chapter, and Sanchita Dasgupta for her thorough and insightful background research.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    Because of the unique conditions of research and study in Afghanistan, and the limited work in sociology in and on Bhutan and the Maldives, we are unable to address these countries in this volume.

  2. 2.

    Studies by scholars such as Aihwa Ong (1987), Maria Mies (1982), Caitrin Lynch (2007), Leela Fernandes (1997), and Leslie Salzinger (2003) are among those who developed this perspective.

  3. 3.

    Scholars like Chandra Talpade Mohanty (1988, 2003), Inderpal Grewal (1996), Richa Nagar (Collective and Nagar 2006), Naila Kabeer (2000), Raka Ray (1999), Saba Mahmood (2004), M. Jacqui Alexander (2005), Millie Thayer (2009), Paola Bacchetta (1999), and Jyoti Puri (2002, 2016) exemplify this tradition.

References

  • Agarwala, Rina, and Emmanuel Teitelbaum. 2010. Trends in Funding for Dissertation Field Research: Why Do Political Science and Sociology Students Win So Few Awards? PS: Political Science and Politics 43 (2): 283–293.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alexander, M. Jacqui. 2005. Pedagogies of Crossing: Meditations on Feminism, Sexual Politics, Memory, and the Sacred. Durham: Duke University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Ambedkar, B.R. 2013. Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis, and Development. In Against the Madness of Manu: BR Ambedkar’s Writings on Brahmanical Patriarchy, ed. Sharmila Rege, 77–107. New Delhi: Navayana.

    Google Scholar 

  • AIIS. AIIS History: A Need and a Service. Accessed April 12, 2022. https://www.indiastudies.org/about-aiis/aiis-history

  • AIPS. About AIPS. Accessed April 12, 2022. https://www.pakistanstudies-aips.org/about

  • Arunachalam, Subbiah. 2008. Social Science Research in South Asia: An Analysis of the Published Journal Literature. New Delhi: IDRC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arya, Sunaina, and Aakash Singh Rathore. 2019. Dalit Feminist Theory: A Reader. London: Routledge India.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Bacchetta, Paola. 1999. When the (Hindu) Nation Exiles Its Queers. Social Text 61: 141–166.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bair, Jennifer. 2005. Global Capitalism and Commodity Chains: Looking Back, Going Forward. Competition and Change 9 (2): 153–180.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Banerjee, Dwaipayan. 2021. For and Against an ‘Indian’ Sociology: A Response to Marilyn Strathern’s ‘What’s in an Argument?’. Contributions to Indian Sociology 55 (1): 35–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baviskar, Amita. 2021. Ashoka and After: The Universities We Believe In. The Wire, March 25. https://thewire.in/education/why-singling-out-ashoka-does-promoting-universities-in-india-no-good.

  • Bhambra, Gurminder K. 2007. Rethinking Modernity: Postcolonialism and the Sociological Imagination. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2010. Sociology and Post-Colonialism: Another ‘Missing’ Revolution? Sociology 41 (5): 871–884.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2013. The Possibilities of, and for, Global Sociology: A Postcolonial Perspective. In Postcolonial Sociology (Political Power and Social Theory, Vol. 24), ed. Julian Go, 295–314. Emerald Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2014. Connected Sociologies. London: Bloomsbury.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Bhandari, Bishnu. 1990. The Past and Future of Sociology in Nepal. Occasional Papers in Sociology and Anthropology 2: 13–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, W. Norman. 1962. Development of South Asia Studies in the United States, 1951–1961. In Resources for South Asian Area Studies in the United States: Report of a Conference Convened by the Committee on South Asia of the Association for Asian Studies for the U.S. Office of Education, ed. Richard D. Lambert, 11–15. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Chakravarti, Uma. 2003. Gendering Caste: Through a Feminist Lens. Kolkata: Stree.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chatterjee, Partha. 2002. Institutional Context of Social Science Research in South Asia. Economic and Political Weekly 37 (35): 3604–3612.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collective, Sangtin Writers, and Richa Nagar. 2006. Playing with Fire: Feminist Thought and Activism through Seven Lives in India. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Connell, Raewyn. 2007a. Southern Theory. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2007b. The Northern Theory of Globalization. Sociological Theory 25 (4): 368–385.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2018. Decolonizing Sociology. Contemporary Sociology 47 (4): 399–407.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davis, Richard H. 1985. South Asia at Chicago: A History. Committee on Southern Asian Studies, University of Chicago. https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/su/southasia/title6/Davis_SA_at_Chicago_History-with_ocr.pdf.

  • Desai, Manan. 2020. The United States of India: Anticolonial Literature and Transnational Refraction. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deshpande, Satish. 2002. Social Science Research Capacity in South Asia: Some Questions for Discussion. Economic and Political Weekly 37 (35): 3628–3630.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dhawan, S.M., B.M. Gupta, and Ritu Gupta. 2015. Social Science Research Landscape in South Asia: A Comparative Assessment of Research Output Published During 1996–2013. Library Philosophy and Practice.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunaway, Wilma. 2014. Gendered Commodity Chains: Seeing Women’s Work and Households in Global Production. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernandes, Leela. 1997. Producing Workers: The Politics of Gender, Class, and Culture in the Kolkata Jute Mills. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frank, Andre Gunder. 1966. The Development of Underdevelopment. Monthly Review 18 (4): 17–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frykenberg, Robert Eric. 2011. How the Annual Conference on South Asia Began. Annual Conference on South Asia. https://southasiaconference.wisc.edu/about/history/

  • Gardezi, Hassan. 2003. Contemporary Sociology in Pakistan. In Social Science in Pakistan in the 1990s, ed. S. Akbar Zaidi, 103–114. Islamabad: Council of Social Sciences.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gereffi, Gary, and Miguel Korzeniewicz. 1994. Commodity Chains and Global Capitalism. Westport, CT: Greenwood.

    Google Scholar 

  • Go, Julian. 2016. Postcolonial Thought and Social Theory. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2017. Decolonizing Sociology: Epistemic Inequality and Sociological Thought. Social Problems 64 (2): 194–199.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goswami, Manu. 2013. ‘Provincializing’ Sociology: The Case of a Premature Postcolonial Sociologist. In Postcolonial Sociology (Political Power and Social Theory, Vol. 24), ed. Julian Go, 145–175. Emerald Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grewal, Inderpal. 1996. Home and Harem: Nation, Gender, Empire and Cultures of Travel. Durham: Duke University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Grewal, Inderpal, and Caren Kaplan. 1994. Scattered Hegemonies: Postmodernity and Transnational Feminist Practices. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guru, Gopal. 2002. How Egalitarian Are the Social Sciences in India? Economic and Political Weekly: 5003–5009.

    Google Scholar 

  • hooks, bell. 1984. Feminist Theory From Margin to Center. Boston, MA: South End Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Indira, R. 2018. The Sociology of C. Parvathamma. In Re-Imagining Sociology in India: Feminist Perspectives, ed. Gita Chadha and M.T. Joseph. Delhi: Routledge India.

    Google Scholar 

  • International Education Programs Service. The History of Title VI and Fulbright-Hays: An Impressive International Timeline. U.S. Department of Education. Accessed April 12, 2022. https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ope/iegps/history.html

  • Islam, Nazrul, and S. Aminul Islam. 1997. Sociology in Bangladesh. Contemporary Sociology 26 (5): 566–568.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Islam, S. Aminul, and Nazrul Islam. 2005. Sociology in Bangladesh: Search for a New Frontier. Sociological Bulletin 54 (3): 375–395.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Itzigsohn, José, and Karida L. Brown. 2020. The Sociology of WEB Du Bois: Racialized Modernity and the Global Color Line. New York: NYU Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kabeer, Naila. 2000. Power to Choose: Bangladeshi Women and Labour Market Decisions. London: Verso.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kantowsky, David. 1982. Max Weber on India and Indian Interpretations of Weber. Contributions to Indian Sociology 16: 141–174.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim-Puri, H.J. 2005. Conceptualizing Gender-Sexuality-State-Nation: An Introduction. Gender and Society 19 (2): 137–159.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kirmani, Nida. 2020. Can Fun Be Feminist? Gender, Space and Mobility in Lyari, Karachi. South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies 43 (2): 319–331.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar, Vivek. 2016. How Egalitarian Is Indian Sociology? Economic and Political Weekly 51 (25): 33–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kurien, Prema. 2003. To Be or Not to Be South Asian: Contemporary Indian American Politics. Journal of Asian American Studies 6 (3): 261–288.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lynch, Caitrin. 2007. Juki Girls, Good Girls: Gender and Cultural Politics in Sri Lanka’s Global Garment Industry. Ithaca: ILR Press/Cornell University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Magubane, Zine. 2004. Bringing the Empire Home: Race, Class, and Gender in Britain and Colonial South Africa. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2013. Common Skies and Divided Horizons? Sociology, Race, and Postcolonial Studies. In Postcolonial Sociology (Political Power and Social Theory, Vol. 24), ed. Julian Go, 81–116. Emerald Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahmood, Saba. 2004. Politics of Piety. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meghji, Ali. 2021. Decolonizing Sociology: An Introduction. Cambridge: John Wiley & Sons.

    Google Scholar 

  • MESAAS. A History of MESAAS. Accessed April 12, 2022. https://mesaas.columbia.edu/about/history/

  • Mies, Maria. 1982. The Lace Makers of Narsapur: Indian Housewives Produce for the World Market. London: Zed Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mills, C. Wright. 1959. The Sociological Imagination. London: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mishra, Chaitanya. 2005. Sociology in Nepal: Underdevelopment amidst Growth. Contributions to Nepalese Studies 32 (1): 93–128.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohanty, Chandra Talpade. 1988. Under Western Eyes: Feminist Scholarship and Colonial Discourses. Feminist Review 30: 61–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2003. Feminism Without Borders: Decolonizing Theory, Practicing Solidarity. Durham: Duke University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Morris, Aldon. 2017. The Scholar Denied: WEB Du Bois and the Birth of Modern Sociology. Berkeley: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mosbah-Natanson, Sébastien, and Yves Gingras. 2014. The Globalization of Social Sciences? Evidence from a Quantitative Analysis of 30 Years of Production, Collaboration and Citations in the Social Sciences (1980–2009). Current Sociology 62 (5): 626–646.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mukerji, D.P. 1952. Sociology in Independent India. Sociological Bulletin 1 (1): 13–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ong, Aihwa. 1987. Spirits of Resistance and Capitalist Discipline: Factory Women in Malaysia. Albany: State University of New York Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paik, Shailaja. 2014. Building Bridges: Articulating Dalit and African American Women’s Solidarity. Women’s Studies Quarterly 42 (3/4): 74–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parvathamma, C. 1976. ‘The Remembered Village’: A Brahminical Odyssey. Contributions to Indian Sociology 12 (1): 91–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patel, Sujata. 2013. Orientalist-Eurocentric Framing of Sociology in India: A Discussion on Three Twentieth-Century Sociologists. In Decentering Social Theory (Political Power and Social Theory, Vol. 25), 105–128. Emerald Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2016. The Challenge of Doing Sociology Today. Economic & Political Weekly 51 (46): 33.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2021. Nationalist Ideas and the Colonial Episteme: The Antinomies Structuring Sociological Traditions of India. Journal of Historical Sociology 34: 28–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perera, Sasanka. 2005. Dealing with Dinosaurs and Reclaiming Sociology: A Personal Narrative on the (Non) Existence of Critical Sociological Knowledge Production in Sri Lanka. Sociological Bulletin 54 (3): 325–347.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Puri, Jyoti. 2002. Woman, Body, Desire in Post-Colonial India: Narratives of Gender and Sexuality. New York: Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2016. Sexual States: Governance and the Struggle over the Antisodomy Law in India. Durham: Duke University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Radhakrishnan, R. 2017. The Future of South Asian Studies. South Asian Review 38 (3): 25–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ray, Raka. 1999. Fields of Protest: Women’s Movements in India. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2006. Is the Revolution Missing or Are We Looking in the Wrong Places? Social Problems 53 (4): 459–465.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2018. Postcoloniality and the Sociology of Gender. In Gender Reckonings: New Social Theory and Research, ed. James W. Messerschmidt, Michael A. Messner, Raewyn Connell, and Patricia Yancey Martin, 73–89. New York: NYU Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Ryabchikov, Aleksandr Maximovich, Alexeeva, Nina Nikolaevna, Sivaramamurti, Calambur, and Yefremov, Yury Konstantinovich. 2020. South Asia. Encyclopedia Britannica, 1 September. https://www.britannica.com/place/South-Asia. Accessed 7 June 2021.

  • Salzinger, Leslie. 2003. Genders in Production: Making Workers in Mexico’s Global Factories. Berkeley: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shah, Gulzar H., Asif Humayun Qureshi, and Bushra Abdul-Ghaffar. 2005. Sociology as a Discipline in Pakistan: Challenges and Opportunities. Sociological Bulletin 54 (3): 348–374.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, Aradhana. 2008. Logics of Empowerment: Development, Gender and Governance in Neoliberal India. Minneapolis, MI: University of Minnesota Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singer, Milton. 1966. Religion and Social Change in India: The Max Weber Thesis, Phase Three. Economic Development and Cultural Change 14 (4): 497–505.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 1985. Max Weber and the Modernization of India. Journal of Developing Societies 1 (2): 150–167.

    Google Scholar 

  • Srinivas, M.N., and M.N. Panini. 1973. The Development of Sociology and Social Anthropology in India. Sociological Bulletin 22 (2): 179–215.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Srivastava, Sanjay, Yasmeen Arif, and Janaki Abraham. 2018. Critical Themes in Indian Sociology. New Delhi: SAGE Publications India.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stacey, Judith, and Barrie Thorne. 1985. The Missing Feminist Revolution in Sociology. Social Problems 32 (4): 301–316.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stein, Arlene, and Ken Plummer. 1996. ‘I Can’t Even Think Straight’: ‘Queer’ Theory and the Missing Sexual Revolution in Sociology. Sociological Theory 12 (2): 178–187.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steinmetz, George. 2013. Sociology and Empire: The Imperial Entanglements of a Discipline. Durham: Duke University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2014. The Sociology of Empires, Colonies, and Postcolonialism. Annual Review of Sociology 40: 77–103.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2017. The Octopus and the Hekatonkheire: On Many-Armed States and Tentacular Empires. In The Many Hands of the State: Theorizing Political Authority and Social Control, ed. Kimberly J. Morgan and Ann Shola Orloff, 369–393. New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Sunil, Babu C.T. 2013. Sociology, Village Studies and the Ford Foundation. Economic and Political Weekly 48 (52): 113–118.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thayer, Millie. 2009. Making Transnational Feminism: Rural Women, NGO Activists, and Northern Donors in Brazil. New York, NY: Taylor & Francis.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Wallerstein, Immanuel. 1979. The Capitalist World-Economy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Smitha Radhakrishnan .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Vijayakumar, G., Radhakrishnan, S. (2022). Sociology of South Asia: In Waiting for the Revolution. In: Radhakrishnan, S., Vijayakumar, G. (eds) Sociology of South Asia. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97030-7_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97030-7_1

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-97029-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-97030-7

  • eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics